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analytical index > page g |
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SUBJECT INDEX G |
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The texts reproduced here do not have the legal standing of the original documents which are entrusted and kept at the WTO Secretariat in Geneva. |
GATS Agreement: see also business practices (GATS IX); developing country Members (GATS IV); domestic regulation (GATS VI); GATS Agreement; general exceptions (GATS XIV); market access (GATS XVI); MFN treatment (GATS II); monopolies and exclusive service providers (GATS VIII); national treatment, services and service suppliers (GATS XVII); progressive liberalization (GATS XIX); progressive liberalization (GATS XIX), decisions and agreements relating to; progressive liberalization negotiations (GATS XIX:3 and Doha Declaration, para. 15); recognition of qualifications (GATS VII); Schedules of Specific Commitments (GATS XX); security exceptions (GATS XIV bis); telecommunications, Reference Paper on Basic Telecommunications (GATS XVIII) Electronic Commerce Work Programme (Doha Declaration, para. 34) and GATS 34 GATT 1994, overlap GATT 303, 311-13, TRIMs 39 n. 57, GATS 15-19 Institutional Arrangements, Marrakesh Ministerial Decision GATS 142 “measures affecting trade in services” (GATS I:1) GATS 4-7 “affecting” (GATS I:1) GATS 5-7 GATT III:4 compared GATT 263 wholesale trade service suppliers in their capacity as service suppliers, need to examine GATS 7, 23 right to regulate, confirmation of (Declaration, para. 7) “trade in services” (GATS I:2) (cross-border trade) commercial presence, sufficiency (GATS I:2(c)) GATS 14, 93 “public long-distance voice telephone services” (UN 1991 Provisional Central Product Classification) GATS 10 relevant factors (GATS I:2(a)) degree of interaction between suppliers GATS 12 links to another operator GATS 13 ownership and control of infrastructure to supply service GATS 9-11 supplier’s place of operation or presence, relevance GATS 8 GATT: see also subject-matter headings for matters treated at greater length acceptance, entry into force and registration (GATT XXVI), GATT practice GATT 729 accession (GATT XXXIII), GATT practice GATT 741 amendments (GATT XXX), GATT practice GATT 736 annexes, as integral part of agreement (GATT XXXIV) GATT 743 commitments (GATT XXXVII), GATT practice GATT 749 constituent elements (GATT 1994, Art. 1) “other decisions of the Contracting Parties to GATT 1947” (Art. 1(b)(iv)) adopted panel reports, whether GATT 1, SCM 82-3 Enabling Clause, whether GATT 6 “legal instruments” (WTO Annex 1A, 1(b)) WTO 224, SCM 82-3 contracting parties (GATT XXXII), GATT practice GATT 739 GATT as integral part of WTO (WTO II:2) GATT 319 MFN treatment under: see MFN treatment (GATT I:1) non-applicability (GATT XXXV), GATT practice GATT 745 object and purpose (GATT I:1), non-discrimination GATT 4-5, 22 principles and objectives (GATT XXXVI), GATT practice GATT 747 Understanding on Article XXIV: see regional trade agreements withdrawal (GATT XXXI), GATT practice GATT 738 WTO Agreement, incorporation into (WTO Annex 1A), decisions of Contracting Parties to GATT 1947 (WTO Annex 1A, 1(b)(4)), GATT Council Understanding on tax legislation (1981), whether SCM 82-3 Assets, Liabilities, Records, Staff and Functions from GATT to the WTO, Agreement on (1994) WTO 157 continuing relevance under WTO, decisions, procedures and customary practices (WTO XVI:1): see decisions, procedures and customary practices under GATT 1947 (WTO XVI:1) WTO continuity with WTO 4 developing country Members, for delay of application and reservations, Customs Valuation Agreement provisions WTO 205 incorporation of GATT 1947 provisions into WTO Agreement GATT 3-4 procedural and institutional duplication, General Council decision to avoid WTO 204 transitional arrangements WTO 204-6 GATT practice WTO 206 Preparatory Committee decisions concerning WTO 204 withdrawal or termination of agreements associated with GATT 1947, Preparatory Committee decision concerning WTO 205 GATT Subsidies Code, limited nature of provisions SCM 425 as Dispute Settlement Body (DSB): see Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) functions budget WTO 50 cooperation agreements with intergovernmental organizations WTO 50 cooperation agreements with non-governmental organizations WTO 50 financial regulations WTO 50 guidance of councils established under Art. IV:5 WTO 70 Decision on Implementation-Related Issues and Concerns VAL 28 requests for extension of transition periods (TRIMs Art. 5.3) and TRIMs 11-14 interpretation of WTO Agreement WTO 159-60 staff regulations WTO 50 guidelines for the appointment of officers to WTO bodies (1995/2002) WTO 53 as highest-level decision-making body WTO 49 membership WTO 49 Ministerial Conference, authority to act of behalf of WTO 49 observer status (applicants for accession) AG 282 observer status (intergovernmental organizations) ad hoc status WTO 135 Observer Status for International Intergovernmental Organizations in the WTO, Guidelines WTO 136 observer status (NGOs) WTO 139 rules of procedure adoption WTO 52 amendment WTO 52 work programme, Geneva Ministerial Declaration relating to WTO 17 Decision on Trade in Services and the Environment GATS 64 electronic commerce and GATS 63 alternative WTO-consistent measure, availability GATT 613-15 “reasonably available” GATT 624 applicability to GATT as a whole (chapeau) 588, GATT 573 burden of proof GATT 580-2, 601, 617 chapeau and paras. a-j distinguished GATT 580-1 jurisdiction of Member, relevance GATT 574-5, 576 two-tier analysis (justification under paras. (a)-(j)/compliance with chapeau) GATT 577-8, 584 General Exceptions (GATT XX), chapeau application of measure as means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination “between countries where the same conditions prevail” GATT 587 between importing and exporting countries 588-9, GATT 587 discrimination in substantive GATT obligations distinguished GATT 586, 592 failure to consider appropriateness or regulatory programme as GATT 593-5 as balance between competing rights GATT 575, 584-5 “disguised restriction on international trade” failure to consider costs as GATT 591 measures amounting to arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination as GATT 598 GATT practice GATT 600 good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)), and GATT 585, DSU 43 preparatory work (VCLT 32) GATT 584 prevention of abuses of exceptions as objective GATT 583-4 General Exceptions (GATT XX), measures necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health (GATT XX(b)): see also SPS Agreement burden of proof GATT 601 GATT III:4 (national treatment, regulatory discrimination) and GATT 278 GATT practice GATT 616 justification GATT 601 evidence of health risks, relevance GATT 278 objective criteria, need for GATT 597 “preponderant” evidence GATT 610 General Exceptions (GATT XX), measures necessary to secure compliance with GATT-consistent measure (GATT XX(d)) consistency with GATT, need for GATT 617 GATT practice GATT 625 General Exceptions (GATT XX), measures relating to the conservation of exhaustible natural resources (GATT XX(g)) “exhaustible natural resources”: see “exhaustible natural resources” (GATT XX(g)) GATT III:4 (national treatment, regulatory discrimination) and 590-2, GATT 277, 632, DSU 51 jurisdictional limitation, whether. GATT 626 “made effective in conjunction with”, as balance between conservation and domestic production/consumption GATT 636-9 GATT practice GATT 640 “relating to” GATT 579, 606, 619 n. 880, 629, 630-3 GATT practice GATT 635 “necessary” distinguished GATT 619 n. 880, 631 “primarily aimed at” distinguished GATT 606, 623, 630, 633-4 Geneva Ministerial Conference/Declaration WTO 46 General Council Work programme and WTO 17 electronic commerce WTO 36, 46 Global Electronic Commerce, Declaration on WTO 36 TPRM: see Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) WTO as forum for negotiations concerning multilateral trade relations, recommendations relating to WTO 17 Germany — Sardines (Panel), BISD 1S/53 non-violation claims (GATT XXIII:1(b)) nullification or impairment, need for causality GATT 671 competitive relationship as key factor GATT 671 Global Electronic Commerce, Declaration on (Geneva) WTO 36 Global Trust Fund (Doha Development Agenda) WTO 151 good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)) abuse of rights/abus de droit and GATT 585, DSU 41-9 burden of proof/presumption of DSU 47, 261 dispute settlement procedures, engagement in (DSU 3.10) DSU 105-8, 890-1 clarity of claims, need for DSU 235, 982 obligation to challenge deficient procedures promptly SCM 147, DSU 108 evidence submitted by government SCM 196 “explore” (AD 15) AD 582 facts available to investigating authority, right of resort to (AD 6.8/Annex II) and AD 394, 406 as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation/performance SCM 247, DSU 44-6, 105 as general principle of international law GATT 585, AD 407, SCM 147, DSU 261 as general principle of law GATT 585, AD 407, SCM 147 legislation as such, challenge to and DSU 175 objections to panel procedures DSU 938 seriousness of claim/need for diligence in presentation DSU 175 treaty performance/interpretation GATT 674-6, SCM 247, DSU 43, GPA 11-13 good offices, conciliation and mediation (DSU 5) encouragement to use (WTO Director-General’s communication of 13 July 2001) DSU 150 mediation, request for in absence of dispute DSU 152-3 Government Procurement Agreement (GPA): see also Government Procurement Committee acceptance provisions (GPA XXIV:1) WTO 213 accessions procedures (GPA XXIV:2) GPA 18-19 amendments (GPA XXIV:9) WTO 176 “central government entities” (GPA: Appendix 1) GPA 27-33 consultations and dispute settlement (GPA XXII) non-violation claims (GPA XXII:2): see non-violation claims (GPA XXII:2) table of disputes (GPA XXII:2) GPA 17 error as to fact or situation, effect on validity of treaty (VCLT 48(1)) GPA 12, 14-16 good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)) and GATT 674-6, GPA 11-12 modalities for notifying threshold figures in national currencies (GPA I:4) GPA 3 notification of national implementation legislation procedures (GPA XXIV:5) GPA 21 product classification system GPA 6 reporting obligations (GPA XXIV:7) GPA 25-6 reservations (GPA XXIV:4) WTO 236 rules of origin (GPA IV), statistical reporting (GPA XIX:5) and GPA 5 services classification system GPA 6 Tokyo Round Agreement on Government Procurement and (GPA XXIV:3) GPA 20 transitional arrangements (GPA XXIV:3) GPA 20 updating of appendices, procedure (GPA I:1) GPA 1 Government Procurement Committee: see also Government Procurement Agreement (GPA) adoption of product classification system (GPA XIX:5) GPA 6 adoption of rules of origin (GPA IV/XIX:5) GPA 5 adoption of services classification system (GPA XIX:5) GPA 6 Circulation and Derestriction of Documents of Government Procurement Committee, Decision GPA 8 establishment WTO 132 observer status (GPA XXI:1) GPA 7 reports WTO 133 government procurement (GATS XIII), Working Party on GATS Rules and GATS 62 government procurement, transparency (Doha Declaration, para. 26) negotiations for multilateral agreement relevant factors developmental needs including technical assistance and capacity building participants’ development priorities Working Group on Transparency in Government Procurement (Doha Declaration), establishment (Singapore Ministerial Conference) WTO 35, 45 Decision on Implementation-Related Issues and Concerns (para.2.1), AG 93 July package (Annex A, para. 16) GSP schemes (Enabling Clause), notification procedures GATT 30 Guatemala — Cement I (AB), WT/DS60/AB/R/, DSR 1998:IX conflict with DSU provisions, precedence in case of (WTO, Annex 1A) AD 591-2 consultation and dispute settlement (AD 17) GATT XXII and XXIII compared AD 607, 652 “matter”, referral to DSB (AD 17.4) identification of measure at issue, need for (DSU 6.2), identification as anti-dumping duty, acceptance of price undertaking or provisional measure, need for GATT 336, AD 608, 614 request for establishment of panel, requirements (AD 17.5) and requirements for referral to DSB (DSU 6.2), consistency with requirements of AD 656 special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), whether AD 591-2, 607, 662 Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU), “covered agreements”, applicability to (DSU 1.1) DSU 4 implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19 1) measure not identified in request for establishment of panel, applicability to AD 662-3 investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11), evidence, sufficiency, investigating authority’s obligation to examine accuracy and adequacy (AD 5.3), “injury”, threat of, AD 3.7 requirements, relevance AD 255 language, parties’ submissions DSU 846, 874 relationships within and between agreements AD 17/GATT XXII and XXIII AD 607, 652-3 AD 17.4/DSU 6.2 and 7 AD 613, 659 AD 17.5/DSU 6.2 AD 656, DSU 242 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) AD requirements (AD 17.5), consistency AD 656 identification of specific measures at issue AD 613, DSU 251 legal basis of claim distinguished AD 613, DSU 251 writing AD 613 special or additional rules and procedures for dispute settlement (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2) AD 17, whether AD 591-2, 607, 662, DSU 7 conflict with DSU provisions, precedence in case of (WTO, Annex 1A) DSU 6, 242 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7) “matter referred to the DSB”, as identified in DSU 6.2 (DSU 7.1) AD 613, 659, DSU 251 “claim” AD 613 third party rights, AB proceedings, time limits for filing of submissions (ABWP 26) DSU 846, 874 Working Procedures (appellate review (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)) “appropriate procedure for the purpose of that appeal only” (ABWP 16(1)) DSU 846 timetable (ABWP 26), modification in exceptional circumstances (ABWP 16(2)) DSU 846, 874 WTO Agreement, conflict between constituent covered agreements, precedence (WTO, Annex 1A) AD 591-2 Guatemala — Cement I (Panel), WT/DS60/R/, DSR 1998:IX implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1) measure not identified in request for establishment of panel, applicability to AD 662-3 right of panel or AB to make suggestions DSU 507 investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11) evidence, sufficiency (AD 5.2) AD 231 evidence of dumping, AD 2 and AD 235 evidence of injury, AD 2 and AD 236 evidence, sufficiency, investigating authority’s obligation to examine accuracy and adequacy (AD 5.3) AD 5.2 distinguished AD 245 “examine” AD 260 “injury”, threat of, AD 3.7 requirements, relevance AD 255 notification to government of exporting Member (AD 5.5) “before proceeding to initiate”, date of initiation AD 270 failure to comply, harmless error and AD 280 rejection of application (AD 5.8), applicability prior to initiation of investigation AD 286 relationships within and between agreements AD 17.3/DSU 1.2 DSU 7 special or additional rules and procedures for dispute settlement (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), AD 17, whether DSU 7 standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6) assessment of the facts (AD 17.6(i)), AD 5.3 (sufficiency of evidence), applicability to AD 256, 648 “facts made available” (AD 17.5(ii)), evidence before authority at time of determination, limitation to AD 631 investigating authorities’ establishment of the facts (AD 17.6(i)), “proper” AD 258-9 Guatemala — Cement II (Panel), WT/DS156/R, DSR 2000:XI acquiescence AD 5.5 violations and AD 277, 327 definition AD 277 Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD) GATT VI and, dumping, constituent elements (AD 2/GATT VI:1), violation of AD 5 and AD 307 principles (AD 1), “initiated and conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement”, violation of other AD provisions as evidence of breach of AD 1 AD 2, 4, 692 burden of proof notification of participation of non-governmental experts in on-the-spot verification (AD, Annex 1(2)) AD 373 prima facie case, need for AD 124 compliance with covered agreement obligations, obligation breach by other Members, relevance AD 272, 359 procedural obligations AD 220 data collection, period for (AD 2 and AD 3) AD 129 absence of provision AD 129 determination of dumping (AD 2) calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4) comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2) “comparable” AD 248 objective assessment for purposes of initiation of anti-dumping investigation (AD 5.3) and AD 258-9 investigating authorities’ right to request information AD 24 period of investigation (POI), extension in course of investigation (AD, Annex II, para. 1) AD 381 determination of injury (AD 3) country by country analysis (AD 3.2) effect at regional level, sufficiency AD 133 “effect of the dumped imports on prices”, objective assessment AD 132 as detailed version of GATT VI AD 220 evaluation of injury factors (AD 3.4) all relevant economic factors and indices, need to examine, eventual relevance of factor, relevance AD 152 consideration of each factor, need to be “apparent” in final determination AD 161 examination of other known factors (AD 3.5), “known” to investigating authority AD 179 SG 4.2 compared AD 152 “positive evidence” / “objective examination” requirement (AD 3.1), exclusion of “like” product as breach AD 124, 131 threat of material injury (AD 3.7), AD 5.3 and AD 253-4 estoppel AD 5.5 violations and AD 277, 327 definition AD 277 evidentiary rules (investigation of dumping) (AD 6) accuracy of information, authorities’ obligation to satisfy themselves (AD 6.6), substantive relevance distinguished AD 366 communication of full text of application (AD 6.1.3), “as soon as an investigation has been initiated” AD 325 confidential information (AD 6.5) access to information provided by another interested party (AD 6.1.1/AD 6.1.2) and AD 324 “good cause shown” AD 324, 357 information “by nature” confidential, applicability to AD 357 as responsibility of party submitting information AD 357 justification for request, relevance AD 361 non-confidential summaries (AD 6.5.1), “not susceptible of summary”, need for reasons AD 359-60 facts available to investigating authority, right of resort to (AD 6.8/Annex II) in case of verifiable information AD 392 ex post justification, relevance AD 419 extension of period of investigation and (Annex II para. 1) AD 381 facts available to investigating authority, right to use (AD 6.8/Annex II), failure to cooperate (AD Annex VII, para. 7), participation of nongovernmental experts in on-the-spot verification as justification AD 372, 410 full opportunity for defence of interests, right to (AD 6.2) as due process provision AD 335 interrelationship between AD 6.2, first and second sentences AD 335 n. 438 relationship with other AD 6 paragraphs AD 338-42 “notice of the information … and ample opportunity to present in writing all evidence” (AD 6.1) access to information provided by another interested party AD 312-14, 352-4 “promptly” AD 322 access to information provided by another interested party (AD 6.1.1/AD 6.1.2) access to file distinguished AD 321 confidential information AD 324 extension “upon cause shown … whenever practicable”, failure to provide information on AD 311 time limits, failure to set (AD 6.1.1.) AD 309 AD 12 distinguished AD 310 notification to all interested parties of essential facts under consideration (AD 6.9) AD 334 change of legal basis, relevance AD 431 essential facts forming basis of preliminary determination, sufficiency for subsequent proceedings AD 431 timely disclosure of relevant information (AD 6.4) distinguished AD 430 on-the-spot verification (AD 6.7) “further information … to be provided” (Annex I, para. 7) accounting information, whether limited to AD 371 participation of non-governmental experts (Annex I, para. 2) conflict of interest and AD 372, 690 non-cooperation (AD 6.8), as justification for AD 372, 410 notification of participation AD 373 notification of participation, burden of proof AD 373 notification of reasons for AD 374 timely disclosure to interested parties of information relevant for presentation of case (AD 6.4) AD 344-7 accidental omission of part of information AD 346-7 “harmless error” distinguished AD 347 payment of fee, relevance AD 345 harmless error accidental omission of part of information (AD 6.4) distinguished AD 347 general principle of international law, whether AD 276 implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), right of panel or AB to make suggestions DSU 517 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines consistency with article/agreement as a whole AD 373 n. 476 text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) AD 311 means “any subsequent practice … which establishes the agreement of the parties regarding its interpretation” (VCLT 31(1)(b)), Anti-Dumping Practices Committee, recommendations as evidence of AD 129 n. 160 dictionaries AD 373 n. 476 same or closely related phrases in different agreements, AD 3.4/SG 4.2 AD 152 specific terms and phrases, “should” (AD, Annex 1(2)) AD 373 n. 476 investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11) evidence, sufficiency (AD 5.2) AD 230, 232 evidence of dumping, AD 2 and AD 234, 248 “simple assertion, unsubstantiated by relevant evidence” AD 263 evidence, sufficiency, investigating authority’s obligation to examine accuracy and adequacy (AD 5.3) determination of sufficiency as satisfaction of AD 5.2 requirements AD 243 “examine” AD 263 “injury”, threat of, AD 3.7 requirements, relevance AD 253-4 evidence, sufficiency, simultaneous consideration of evidence of dumping and injury (AD 5.7), initiation of investigation in absence of sufficient evidence (AD 5.3) and AD 265, 281 “initiated” (AD, footnote 1) AD 269 notification to government of exporting Member (AD 5.5) “before proceeding to initiate”, date of initiation AD 269 “before proceeding to legislate”, national legislative provisions, relevance AD 271 breach by other party, relevance AD 272 failure to comply harmless error and AD 276-80, 327, 553 timely objection, relevance AD 277 rejection of application (AD 5.8), applicability prior to initiation of investigation AD 284-5 nullification or impairment (DSU 3.8) adverse impact/prejudice, relevance AD 278-9, 327, DSU 97 harmless error and AD 276, 553 presumption in case of inconsistency with covered agreement AD 276 order of analysis AD-consistent measure/compliance with public notice (AD 12.2) requirements AD 561 specific/general provision AD 312-14, 352, 360 panel (composition) (DSU 8) determination by Director-General (DSU 8.7) DSU 293 panel’s role DSU 293 preliminary rulings on, panel composition DSU 946 provisional measures (AD 7), judicial economy in case of overlap with previous determination relating to definitive measure AD 452 public notice of initiation of investigation (AD 12.1) non-compliance as “harmless error” AD 553 separate report (AD 12.1.1), need for reference to AD 551-2 time limits for making views known (AD 12.1.1(vi)) AD 310 timing initiation of investigation and AD 547-8 satisfaction as to sufficiency of evidence (AD 5.3), relevance AD 548 public notice of preliminary or final determination (AD 12.2), change of legal basis, obligation to inform interested parties, whether (AD 12.2) AD 313-14, 336, 432 relationships within and between agreements AD 1, 9 and 18/GATT VI/AD 3, 5, 7, 12 and Annex I, para. 2 AD 5, 204, 211, 294, 692 AD 1/AD 6.13 AD 440 AD 1/AD 7 AD 453 AD 1/AD as a whole AD 220 AD 3/AD 18 AD 218 AD 3.1/AD 6 AD 444 AD 5/AD 9 AD 301 AD 5/AD 18 AD 306 AD 5/GATT VI AD 307 AD 5.3/AD 12.1 AD 548 AD 6/GATT VI AD 451 AD 6.1, AD 6.2 and AD 6.9/AD 12.2 AD 313, 432, 448 AD 6 1 AD 6 2/AD 6 9 AD 334 AD 6.1/AD 12.2.1 AD 310 AD 6.2/other AD 6 paragraphs AD 338-42 AD 6.4/AD 6.9 AD 430 AD 6.4/other AD 6 paragraphs AD 351-5 AD 6.5/other AD 6 paragraphs AD 362-3 AD 6.8/other paragraphs of AD 6 AD 421 AD 6.9/other paragraphs of AD 6 AD 433-4 AD 6.10/AD 9 AD 445 AD 6.10/AD 18 AD 450 AD 6.2/AD generally AD 343 AD 6.8/other AD 6 paragraphs AD 328-34, 421 AD 7/AD 9 AD 455 AD 7/AD 18 AD 457 AD 7/GATT VI AD 458 AD 9/AD 12 AD 571 AD 9/other AD articles AD 474 AD 12/AD 18 AD 574 AD 12/GATT VI AD 575 AD 18.1/other AD articles AD 683 standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6) assessment of the facts (AD 17.6(i)) AD 5.3 (sufficiency of evidence), applicability to AD 258-9 de novo review, exclusion AD 629 “facts made available” (AD 17.5(ii)), limitation to AD 629
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