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SUBJECT INDEX C |
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The texts reproduced here do not have the legal standing of the original documents which are entrusted and kept at the WTO Secretariat in Geneva. |
Enabling Clause notifications GSP schemes GATT 31 special treatment of least-developed country Members GATT 40 Canada — Aircraft dispute (WT/DS70), review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5), ad hoc procedural agreements, establishment of panels DSU 637 Canada — Aircraft (AB), WT/DS70/AB/R, DSR 1999:IV adverse inferences from party’s refusal to provide information, panel’s right to draw (DSU 13) DSU 365 as general principle of international tribunal practice DSU 365 burden of proof prima facie case, need for DSU 1013 panel ruling in favour, need for DSU 1014 refusal to provide information, relevance DSU 1014 confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3) business confidential information (DSU 18.2) additional procedures, need for DSU 486–7 Business Confidential Information Procedures (Canada — Aircraft Panel) DSU 486 obligation to return or destroy DSU 486 obligation to respect/ensure respect for DSU 487 confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/WP 3), adverse inferences from party’s refusal to provide information, panel’s right to draw (DSU 13) and DSU 365 evidence (panel procedures) (DSU 12), refusal of party to provide information, effect, burden of proof and DSU 1014 export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II) “contingent … upon the use of domestic over imported goods” (SCM 3.1(b)), “contingent in fact”, applicability to SCM 129 “contingent in fact …” (SCM 3.1(a)) “anticipated” (SCM 3.1(a), footnote 4) SCM 98 “but for” test SCM 96 case by case approach SCM 103 “grant or maintain” (SCM 3.1, footnote 4) SCM 98 “tied to” (SCM 3.1(a), footnote 4) SCM 95, 104 “contingent upon export performance” (SCM 3.1(a)), burden of proof, knowledge or expectation, sufficiency SCM 104 information or technical advice, panel’s right to seek (DSU 13/SPS 11.2) burden of proof and DSU 1014 prompt and full response, obligation DSU 426–7 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines, text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) SCM 97 means, dictionaries SCM 98 ordinary meaning, “contingent” (SCM 3.1) SCM 97, 129 specific terms and phrases, “grant or maintain” (SCM 3.1, footnote 4) SCM 98 judicial economy, adverse inferences and DSU 365 preliminary rulings on, confidentiality issues DSU 847, 968 standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), new arguments DSU 458 subsidy, calculation in terms of benefit to recipient (SCM 14), “benefit” (SCM 1.1(b)) and SCM 73 subsidy, definition (SCM 1) conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) “benefit” SCM 45–8, 265 n. 379 SCM 1.1(a) and SCM 72 SCM 14 and SCM 73 SCM Annex IV and SCM 78 Working Procedures (appellate review (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)), adoption, AB authority DSU 486 Canada — Aircraft (Panel), WT/DS70/R, DSR 1999:IV confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3) business confidential information (DSU 18.2) additional procedures, need for DSU 485 Business Confidential Information Procedures (Canada — Aircraft Panel) DSU 485 consultations (SCM 4.1–4) accelerated nature of proceedings, effect SCM 142–4 “statement of available evidence” (SCM 4.2), request for establishment of panel (SCM 4.4) distinguished SCM 152, DSU 131 time-limits new evidence SCM 142 new evidence and allegations DSU 369, 955 due process (dispute settlement proceedings) opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties SCM 142, 144 prejudice to party, relevance DSU 276 evidence (panel procedures) (DSU 12) time limits for submission affirmative defence (SCM 3.1) DSU 831 panel’s right to admit “late” evidence DSU 369, 954–7 export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II) “contingent in fact …” (SCM 3.1(a)) case by case approach SCM 103 “tied to” (SCM 3.1(a), footnote 4) SCM 95, 103 “contingent in law …” (SCM 3.1(a)) SCM 86 “contingent upon export performance” (SCM 3.1(a)) burden of proof, knowledge or expectation, sufficiency SCM 95, 99, 103, 106 “export performance” SCM 109 Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I), export credits at rates below actual cost of funds so employed (item (k)), “benefit” (SCM 1.1(b)) and SCM 76 legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability SCM 134, DSU 185 notification obligations (SCM 25), notification, effect (SCM 25.7) SCM 331 preliminary rulings on, timing of submission of evidence DSU 955 preliminary rulings (procedural aspects) procedures, need for DSU 932–3 relationships within and between agreements, DSU 11/SCM 4 SCM 142–4 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) identification of specific measures at issue identification of industry, need for DSU 211 specific measure the subject of consultations, need for identity with, whether SCM 156, DSU 131 legal basis of claim, arguments distinguished DSU 369 request for establishment of panel, requirements (SCM 4.4) accelerated nature of proceedings, relevance SCM 152 consultations, failure to reach mutually agreed solution SCM 156 statement of available evidence, relevance SCM 152 SCM Agreement, object and purpose (SCM 1), multilateral disciplines on subsidies distorting international trade SCM 497 standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), “make such other findings” DSU 339 subsidy, calculation in terms of benefit to recipient (SCM 14), “benefit” (SCM 1.1(b)) and SCM 73 subsidy, definition (SCM 1) conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) burden of proof, rebuttal of prima facie case SCM 70 SCM 14 and SCM 73 SCM Illustrative List, Item (k) and SCM 76 subsidy programmes as such, right to challenge (mandatory/discretionary distinction), “as applied” SCM 134–5 financial contribution (SCM 1.1(a)(1)), direct transfer of funds (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) SCM 13 Canada — Aircraft (Article 21.5 — Brazil) (AB), WT/DS70/AB/RW, DSR 2000:IX burden of proof, implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 21.3) DSU 560, 574, 622 review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5) burden of proof DSU 622 competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel, determination of consistency of measure with WTO obligations DSU 598 “measures taken to comply” examination on basis of facts proved during panel proceedings, limitation to DSU 610 measure subject of original dispute distinguished DSU 602 “should ensure” requirement DSU 622 Canada — Aircraft (Article 21.5 — Brazil) (Panel), WT/DS70/R, DSR 2000:IX burden of proof, export credits at rates below actual cost of funds so employed (Illustrative List of Export Subsidies, item (k)) SCM 470 export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II), “contingent upon export performance” (SCM 3.1(a)), “export performance” SCM 108 Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I) export credits at rates below actual cost of funds so employed (item (k)) burden of proof SCM 470 Commercial Interest Reference Rate (CIRR), relevance SCM 466 international undertaking on official export credits (item (k), second paragraph) (“safe haven”) Canadian Policy Guideline SCM 468 “export credit practice” SCM 460–3 matching derogation, permissibility SCM 473 OECD Arrangement SCM 455, 458, 466–8 qualification for inclusion under, requirements SCM 453 Canada — Aircraft Credits and Guarantees (Panel), WT/DS139/R and Corr.1, DSR 2002:III burden of proof, SCM provisions, conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) SCM 59–60 developing country Members (SCM 27), Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I), item (k) and SCM 337 export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II) “contingent in fact …” (SCM 3.1(a)), size of domestic market, relevance SCM 107 “contingent upon export performance” (SCM 3.1(a)) SCM 58, 88 burden of proof, knowledge or expectation, sufficiency SCM 100 OECD Agreement, compliance with, relevance SCM 62 GATT Subsidies Code, limited nature of provisions SCM 425 Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I) export credit guarantee or insurance (item (j)), as contextual guidance SCM 442 export credits at rates below actual cost of funds so employed (item (k)) burden of proof SCM 477 international undertaking on official export credits (item (k), second paragraph) (“safe haven”) legislation as such (mandatory/discretionary distinction) SCM 479 matching derogation, permissibility SCM 474–5 relationships within and between agreements, DSU 23.1/SCM SCM 423, DSU 786 SCM Agreement, GATT Subsidies Code and SCM 425 subsidy, calculation in terms of benefit to recipient (SCM 14), difference of payment on guaranteed and non-guaranteed loan (SCM 14(c)) SCM 74, 260–1 subsidy, definition (SCM 1) conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) “benefit” SCM 51 provision of services not available in the market, whether SCM 63 burden of proof, rebuttal of prima facie case SCM 71 “recipient of a benefit” SCM 53 subsidy programmes as such, right to challenge (mandatory/discretionary distinction) SCM 56–9, 479 “as applied” SCM 64 fiscal advantages, relevance SCM 61 financial contribution (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) as parallel requirement SCM 6–7 direct transfer of funds (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) SCM 11 potential direct transfer of funds (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) SCM 16 unilateral action by Member prohibition (DSU 23 1) SCM 423, DSU 786 “withdrawal of subsidy without delay” (SCM 4.7), “without delay”, obligation of panel to specify time-period SCM 168 Canada — Aircraft Credits and Guarantees (Article 22.6 Canada), DS222/RB, DSR 2003:III arbitration (DSU 22.6) burden of proof, SCM 4.11 and DSU 692 timing in relation to Article 21.5 arbitration DSU 643 working procedures DSU 893 late submission of evidence DSU 894 opportunity to comment, need for DSU 894 new argumentation, cut-off date DSU 895 burden of proof arbitration (DSU 22.6) DSU 692 countermeasures (SCM 4.10), applicability to Article 22.6 arbitration (SCM 4.11) DSU 692 confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3), non-confidential summary of arbitrator’s report (Article 22.6 proceedings) DSU 896 countermeasures in case of failure to comply with panel AB report within specified time-period (SCM 4.10), inducement of compliance as objective DSU 648 due process (dispute settlement proceedings) late submission of evidence DSU 894 new argumentation, cut-off date DSU 895 nature and purpose of counter measures DSU 648 “or other obligations”, authorization to suspend (DSU 22.2) DSU 668 relationships within and between agreements, DSU 22.6/SCM 4.10 and 4.11 DSU 692 suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22) level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4), reasoned estimates, need for DSU 714 “or other obligations”, authorization to suspend (DSU 22.2), obligations under LIC DSU 668, 758 termination of treaty for breach (VCLT 60), rights created prior to, effect on (VCLT 70) DSU 643, 703 Canada — Autos (AB), WT/DS139/AB/R, WT/DS142/AB/R, DSR 2000:VI and DSR 2000:VII export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II) “contingent … upon the use of domestic over imported goods” (SCM 3.1(b)), “contingent in fact”, applicability to SCM 129–31 “contingent in law …” (SCM 3.1(a)) SCM 90–1, 93 GATS Agreement “affecting” (GATS I:1), wholesale trade service suppliers in their capacity as service suppliers, need to examine GATS 7, 23 GATT 1994, overlap GATT 313 “measures affecting trade in services” (GATS I:1), “affecting” GATS 6–7, 23 GATT , object and purpose (GATT I:1), non-discrimination GATT 4, 22 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines, object and purpose, GATT I:1 GATT 8, 22 means, same or closely related phrases in same agreement, SPS 3.1(a)/SPS 3.1(b) SCM 1230–1 ordinary meaning “contingent” (SCM 3.1) SCM 129–30 “contingent upon the use of domestic over imported goods” (SCM 3.1(b)) SCM 131 judicial economy explicit reference to, relevance DSU 1037 “positive solution to dispute” requirement (DSU 3.7) and DSU 1037 MFN treatment (GATS II), determination of violation, requirements, analysis of evidence GATS 23 MFN treatment (GATT I:1) “accorded immediately and unconditionally to the like product”, affiliation with designated local manufacturer/importer requirement and GATT 19–20 “advantage”, “any advantage … granted … to any product” GATT 12 “all other contracting parties”, regional trade agreements (GATT XXIV:5) and GATT 66 de facto discrimination GATT 10 relationships within and between agreement GATS I:1/GATS II/XVII GATS 6, 22 GATT I/GATT XXIV GATT 66 subsidy, definition (SCM 1), financial contribution (SCM 1.1(a)(1)), exemption from or remission of internal taxes upon exportation (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii), footnote 1) SCM 27 Canada — Autos (Panel), WT/DS139/R, WT/DS142/R, DSR 2000:VI and DSR 2000:VII customs unions (GATT XXIV:5(a)), as defence or exception, economic test GATT 696 due process (dispute settlement proceedings) new argumentation, cut-off date DSU 227 opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties DSU 227 prejudice to party, relevance DSU 227 economic integration (GATS V) regional trade agreements, notification, national treatment (GATS V:1(b))/MFN treatment (GATS II), applicability GATS 41 “substantially all discrimination” (GATS V:1(b)) GATS 41 export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II), “contingent … upon the use of domestic over imported goods” (SCM 3.1(b)), “contingent in fact”, applicability to SCM 130 GATS Agreement, “measures affecting trade in services” (GATS I:1), “affecting” GATS 6 GATT 1994, object and purpose (GATT I:1), nondiscrimination GATT 22 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines, object and purpose GATT 22 means, same or closely related phrases in same agreement, SPS 3.1(a)/SPS 3.1(b) SCM 130 MFN treatment (GATS II) “like service and service supplier” (GATS II:1), wholesale transactions GATS 27 vertical integration/exclusive distribution arrangements, effect GATS 25 MFN treatment (GATT I:1) “accorded immediately and unconditionally to the like product”, conditional advantage and “advantage accorded unconditionally” distinguished GATT 21 “all other contracting parties”, regional trade agreements (GATT XXIV:5) and GATT 22, 27, 66 national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4) “affecting” GATT 260 actual impact, relevance GATT 260 “requirements” local content requirement GATT 261 non-mandatory measures GATT 253, 255 private contractual arrangements, relevance GATT 255 ratio requirement (net sales value of locally-produced product/locally sold product) GATT 261 TRIMs and GATT 308, TRIMs 31–4 national treatment, services and service suppliers (GATS XVII), foreign character of services (SG XVII, footnote 10), relevance GATS 77 relationships within and between agreements GATS XVII/SCM 3.1(a) SCM 125 GATT I/GATT XXIV GATT 66 GATT III:4/SCM 3.1(a) SCM 125 GATT III:4/TRIMs 2 GATT 308 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) identification of specific measures at issue, government action, limitation to DSU 201 legal basis of claim, arguments distinguished DSU 227 Canada — Autos (Article 21.3), WT/DS139/12, WT/DS142/12, DSR 2000:X, implementation of recommendations and rulings of the DSB (DSU 21), impracticality of immediate compliance/reasonable period of time (DSU 21.3, chapeau), “reasonable period”, coordination with other changes, relevance DSU 591 Canada — Dairy dispute (WT/DS103, WT/DS113) arbitration (DSU 22.6), timing in relation to Article 21.5 arbitration (“sequencing”), ad hoc procedural agreements, simultaneous recourse to Article 21.5 and Article 22 DSU 629 implementation of recommendations and rulings of the DSB (DSU 21), impracticality of immediate compliance/reasonable period of time (DSU 21.3, chapeau), “reasonable period”, amendment DSU 563 review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5), ad hoc procedural agreements, compliance with deadlines DSU 640 Canada — Dairy (AB), WT/DS103/AB/R and Corr.1, WT/DS113/AB/R and Corr.1, DSR 1999:V and DSR 1999:VI interpretation of covered agreements guidelines, effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase DSU 57 means same or closely related phrases in same agreement, AG 9.1(a)/AG 9.1(c) AG 58–60 supplementary means (VCLT 32), in case of ambiguity DSU 34 ordinary meaning, “payments” AG 60–1 specific terms and phrases “government” (AG 9.1(a)) AG 57 “government agency” (AG 9.1(a)) AG 57 payments on export of agricultural product financed by virtue of governmental action (AG 9.1(c)) “financed”, “whether or not a charge on the public account” AG 58 “payments” transfer of economic resources, need for AG 58 Schedules of Concessions (GATT II) “subject to the terms, conditions or qualifications in the schedule” (GATT II:1(b)) description distinguished GATT 86 price ceiling not included in Schedule GATT 87 subsidy, definition (SCM 1) Agreement on Agriculture, applicability to AG 6 financial contribution (SCM 1.1(a)(1)), transfer of economic resources from grantor to recipient for less than full consideration AG 56 Canada — Dairy (Panel), WT/DS103/R, WT/DS113/R, DSR 1999:V and DSR 1999:VI Import Licensing Procedures Agreement (LIC), non-automatic import licensing (LIC 3), GATT II(1)(b) and LIC 33 relationships within and between agreements, GATT II:1(b)/ LIC 3 GATT 115, LIC 33 Schedules of Concessions (GATT II) “subject to the terms, conditions or qualifications in the schedule” (GATT II:1(b)) description distinguished GATT 86 “subject to” GATT 86 subsidy, definition (SCM 1), “direct subsidies, including payments-in-kind” (AG 9.1(a)), payment-in-kind, as direct subsidy AG 56 Canada — Dairy (Article 21.5 — New Zealand and US) (AB), WT/DS103/AB/RW, WT/DS113/AB/RW, DSR 2001:XIII export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10.1), export subsidy, prohibited (SCM 1.1 and 3.1) and SCM 127 interpretation of covered agreements, means, same or closely related phrases in same agreement, AG 9.1(a) and (b)/AG 9.1(c) AG 62 payments on export of agricultural product financed by virtue of governmental action (AG 9.1(c)) benchmark/standard (AG 9.1(c)) absence of express provision, relevance AG 62 domestic price fixed by government AG 63 factual and regulatory setting, relevance AG 62–3 industry-wide production costs AG 65–7 market rate relevance world market price AG 64 objective standard, need for AG 64 “financed” AG 69 “whether or not a charge on the public account” AG 69 “government action” AG 68 government mandate or direction, relevance, AG 9.1(e), SCM 1.1 and SCM Illustrative List of Export Subsidies distinguished SCM 428 payments by private parties as AG 72 relationships within and between agreements, AG 9.1 and 10.1/SCM 3.1 SCM 127, 424 Canada — Dairy (Article 21.5 — New Zealand and US) (Panel), WT/DS103/RW, WT/DS113/RW, DSR 2001:XIII export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10.1), export subsidy, prohibited (SCM 1.1 and 3.1) and SCM 126 payments on export of agricultural product financed by virtue of governmental action (AG 9.1(c)) “by virtue of” AG 70 “but for” test AG 70 preliminary rulings on, third party rights DSU 963–4 relationships within and between agreements GATT II:1(b)/LIC 3 LIC 33 SCM 3.1/SCM 4.7 SCM 113 review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5), third party rights (DSU 10), right to receive submissions to first meeting of the panel, limitation to (DSU 10.3) DSU 619, 963–4 “withdrawal of subsidy without delay” (SCM 4.7), agricultural subsidies, applicability to SCM 113, 128 Canada — Dairy (Article 21.5 — New Zealand and US II) (AB), WT/DS103/AB/RW2, WT/DS113/AB/RW2, DSR 2003:I burden of proof, reversal in respect of circumvention of export subsidy commitments (AG 10.3) AG 88–9 costs of marketing exports (AG 9.1(d)), general business costs distinguished AG 77 payments on export of agricultural product financed by virtue of governmental action (AG 9.1(c)) “whether or not a charge on the public account” AG 74 Canada — FIRA (GATT Panel), BISD 30S/140 national treatment, general principle (GATT III:1), applicability, measures imposed at the time or point of importation (“internal measures”) (GATT Ad Art. III), quantitative restrictions (GATT XI) distinguished GATT 295, 419 national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), “requirements”, private contractual arrangements, relevance GATT 18 n. 20, 255 quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI) GATT III, and GATT 295 as importation measure GATT 295 Canada — Patent Term (AB), WT/DS170/AB/R, DSR 2000:X and DSR 2000:XI intellectual property rights (TRIPS) acquisition and maintenance of intellectual property rights (TRIPS 62), unwarranted curtailment, prohibition (TRIPS 62.2), term of protection (TRIPS 33) as distinct and cumulative provision TRIPS 133 existing subject matter, applicability to (TRIPS 70) “acts which occurred before date” (TRIPS 70.1) and “existing at the date” (TRIPS 70.2) distinguished TRIPS 155, 159, DSU 67 “acts” (TRIPS 70.1) TRIPS 156–8, DSU 67 “subject matter” (TRIPS 70.2) TRIPS 159 term of protection (TRIPS 33) and TRIPS 165 interpretation of covered agreements ordinary meaning “acts” (TRIPS 70 1) TRIPS 156–8, DSU 67 “filing date” (TRIPS 33) TRIPS 117 non-retroactivity of treaties (VCLT 28) in absence of different intention DSU 67 continuing measures DSU 67 patents (TRIPS, Section 5) patentable subject matter (TRIPS 27), as context for interpretation of TRIPS 70 (protection of existing subject matter) TRIPS 159 term of protection (TRIPS 33) “available” TRIPS 118 “effectiveness”, relevance TRIPS 119 “existing subject matter” (TRIPS 70.2) and TRIPS 165 freedom to choose method of implementation (TRIPS 1.1) and, “filing date” TRIPS 117 unwarranted curtailment, prohibition (TRIPS 62.2) as distinct and cumulative provision TRIPS 133 relationships within and between agreements TRIPS 33/TRIPS 70 DSU 918 TRIPS 33/TRIPS 70.2 TRIPS 165 retroactivity (TRIPS 70.1) TRIPS 155, DSU 67 TRIPS Agreement interpretation of covered agreements, means, object and purpose (TRIPS 7) TRIPS 158 transitional arrangements (TRIPS 65), procedural nature TRIPS 140 Working Procedures (appellate review (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)), written responses (ABWP 28) DSU 885 Canada — Patent Term (Panel), WT/DS170/R, DSR 2000: and DSR 2000:XI consultations (DSU 4), acceleration (DSU 4.9), Panel’s workload and DSU 142 fair and equitable procedures (TRIPS 42) requirement (TRIPS 41.2) TRIPS 122 “right holders” TRIPS 122 intellectual property rights (TRIPS), acquisition and maintenance (TRIPS 62), unwarranted curtailment, prohibition (TRIPS 62.2), term of protection (TRIPS 33) as distinct and cumulative provision TRIPS 3 patents (TRIPS, Section 5) patentable subject matter (TRIPS 27), “discrimination” (TRIPS 27.1), necessary elements TRIPS 92 term of protection (TRIPS 33) freedom to choose method of implementation (TRIPS 1.1) and TRIPS 3 “filing date” TRIPS 117 unwarranted curtailment, prohibition (TRIPS 62.2) as distinct and cumulative provision TRIPS 3 TRIPS Agreement obligations (TRIPS 1), implementation, freedom to choose method (TRIPS 1.1) TRIPS 3 protection of existing subject matter (TRIPS 70), freedom to choose method of implementation (TRIPS 1.1) and TRIPS 3 Canada — Periodicals (AB), WT/DS31/AB/R, DSR 1997:I decisions, procedures and customary practices under GATT 1947 (WTO XVI:1), panel reports (unappealed) WTO 223 directly competitive or substitutable products (GATT III:2), as dynamic relationship (including possibility of latent demand) GATT 204 GATS Agreement, GATT 1994, overlap GATT 311, GATS 18–19 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines, object and purpose GATT 281 means, preparatory work (VCLT 32), GATT III GATT 281 “like product” (GATT III:2 and III:4) determination of “likeness” on case by case basis GATT 167, DSU 446 as legal issue DSU 446 relevant factors consumer preferences GATT 163, 167 end-uses GATT 163 physical properties GATT 163, 167 national treatment, exceptions (GATT III:8), payment of subsidies exclusively to domestic producers (GATT II:8(b)) expenditure of revenue by government, limitation to GATT 281 national treatment, general principle (GATT III:1) “so as to afford protection” equality of competitive conditions GATT 118 protection of competitive relationship GATT 136 national treatment, tax discrimination (GATT III:2) determination of violation, requirements, “like product” and “in excess of” GATT 153 “directly or indirectly” GATT 187 first and second sentences distinguished GATT 146–8 methodology of comparison dissimilar taxation of some imported products GATT 217 individual transactions basis GATT 178, 217 “so as to afford protection” design and structure of measure as evidence of protective application GATT 225 intention, relevance GATT 225 panel reports, legal status, unappealed reports WTO 223, DSU 438 standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6) classification as issue of law or fact, “like products” (GATT II:2), determination as DSU 446 findings or developed legal interpretations, limitation to (DSU 17.13) DSU 446 TRIMs, relationship with other agreements, SCM Agreement TRIMs 39 Canada — Periodicals (Panel), WT/DS31/R and Corr.1, DSR 1997:I GATS Agreement, GATT 1994, overlap GATS 15–19 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines, effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase GATS 16 “like product” (GATT III:2 and III:4) hypothetical “like product” GATT 163, DSU 337 n. 492 narrow interpretation, need for GATT 163 relevant factors, end-uses GATT 163, 167 national treatment, exceptions (GATT III:8), payment of subsidies exclusively to domestic producers (GATT II:8(b)), expenditure of revenue by government, limitation to GATT 281 quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI), “prohibition or restriction” (GATT XI:1), complete ban GATT 398 Canada — Pharmaceutical Patents (Panel), WT/DS114/R, DSR 2000:V Berne Convention, incorporation (TRIPS 9), effect TRIPS 111 interpretation of covered agreements, specific terms and phrases, “discrimination” (TRIPS 27.1) TRIPS 89–92 patents (TRIPS, Section 5) Berne Convention as basis TRIPS 111 exceptions (TRIPS 30) balance of agreement as a whole and TRIPS 101 compensatory adjustment TRIPS 113 conditions/criteria TRIPS 99, 101–7 curtailment of owner’s rights 102–3 “exploitation of patent” TRIPS 105 “legitimate interests” TRIPS 108–11 “normal exploitation” TRIPS 106–7 “discrimination” (TRIPS 27.1), applicability TRIPS 94–5 exclusive rights (TRIPS 28) TRIPS 98 patentable subject matter (TRIPS 27) “discrimination” (TRIPS 27.1) applicability to TRIPS 30 and 31 TRIPS 94–5 de facto discrimination TRIPS 89–90 relationships within and between agreements TRIPS 27/TRIPS 70.8 TRIPS 94–5 TRIPS 27.1/TRIPS 30 and 31 TRIPS 94–5 TRIPS/Berne Convention (1971) TRIPS 38–42, DSU 29 Canada — Pharmaceutical Patents (Article 21.3), WT/DS114/13, DSR 2002:I implementation of recommendations and rulings of the DSB (DSU 21) impracticality of immediate compliance/reasonable period of time (DSU 21.3, chapeau) “reasonable period” 15-month guideline (DSU 21.3(c)) DSU 555 administrative measures as means of implementation, relevance DSU 574 complexity of implementation process DSU 574 complexity of implementing measures DSU 574 as legal determination DSU 581 “particular circumstances” DSU 571, 574 Canada — Wheat Exports and Grain Imports (AB), WT/DS276/AB/R, DSR 2004:VI preliminary rulings on specificity of request for panel (DSU 6.2) DSU 944 timing of objections DSU 985 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) compliance, importance of, determination on case-by-case basis DSU 985 identification of specific measures at issue, specificity, preliminary ruling on DSU 944 standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), “objective assessment of the facts”, evidence, alleged disregard or distortion by panel, discretion in selection of evidence to refer to explicitly DSU 349 Canada — Wheat Exports and Grain Imports (Panel), WT/DS276/R, DSR 2004:VI confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/ WP 3), business confidential information (DSU 18.2), additional procedures, need for, panel’s adoption of own procedures DSU 490 General Exceptions (GATT XX), alternative WTO-consistent measure, availability, “reasonably available” GATT 624 General Exceptions (GATT XX), measures necessary to secure compliance with GATT-consistent measure (GATT XX(d)), “necessary” GATT 622 “like product” (GATT III:2 and III:4), relevant factors, nationality of producer or origin of product GATT 250 multiple complainants (DSU 9), single panel, “whenever feasible” (DSU 9.1), separate reports (DSU 9.2), structure DSU 302 multiple panels/same complainant/same dispute, separate reports DSU 302 national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4) “requirements”, non-mandatory measures GATT 254 TRIMs and, Illustrative List TRIMs 6 preliminary rulings on claims outside terms of reference DSU 951 confidentiality issues DSU 969 third party rights DSU 826, 935 timing of objections DSU 985 preliminary rulings (procedural aspects), written submissions, opportunity to submit DSU 825 relationships within and between agreements, GATT XVII:1(a)/GATT XVII:1(b) GATT 459 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), compliance, importance of, failure to comply, request for/establishment of second panel DSU 304 State trading enterprises (GATT XVII), obligation to act consistently with GATT general principles of nondiscriminatory treatment (GATT XVII:1(a)), GATT XVII:1(b), relationship GATT 459 third party rights, preliminary proceedings, participation in DSU 826, 935 Cancun Ministerial Conference (2003) Doha Round stocktaking WTO 40 Ministerial Statement WTO 40 “categories of revenue” SCM 20–2 causality: see quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI), “prohibition or restriction” (GATT XI:1), causal link, need for causation: see determination of serious injury or threat thereof (SG 4), requirements, causation (SG 4.2(b)) “central government entities” (GPA: Appendix 1) GPA 27–33 Chile — Alcoholic Beverages (AB), WT/DS87/AB/R, WT/DS110/AB/R7DSR 2000:I competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2), not to add to or diminish rights and obligations (DSU 3.2/19.2) DSU 83, 531 directly competitive or substitutable products (GATT III:2) latent demand) GATT 117 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines, security and predictability (DSU 3.2) DSU 20 national treatment, tax discrimination (GATT III:2) “so as to afford protection” design and structure of measure as evidence of protective application GATT 227, RO 4 intention, relevance GATT 227, RO 4 necessity of tax, relevance GATT 227 panel reports, rationale, need for (DSU 12.7), sufficiency DSU 406 Chile — Alcoholic Beverages (Article 21.3), WT/DS87/15 WT/DS110/14, DSR 2000:V developing countries, implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 21.2) DSU 545 implementation of recommendations and rulings of the DSB (DSU 21) impracticality of immediate compliance/reasonable period of time (DSU 21.3, chapeau) “reasonable period” developing countries and (DSU 21.2) DSU 545 full and effective implementation (DSU 22), relevance DSU 595 “particular circumstances” DSU 572 “time … shorter or longer, depending on the particular circumstances” (DSU 21.3(c)) DSU 539 time required for enactment of law DSU 573 prompt compliance (DSU 21.1), adoption of report, obligation to begin implementation following DSU 542 relationships within and between agreements, DSU 21.3/DSU 22.1 DSU 595 Chile — Price Band System (AB), WT/DS207/AB/R, DSR 2002:VIII competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2), right to develop own legal reasoning including arguments not adduced by parties (jura novit curia) DSU 287 customs duties, “ordinary customs duties” (GATT II(1)(b)/AG 4.2) GATT 97, 114 due process (dispute settlement proceedings) clear presentation of the problem (DSU 6.2) and DSU 233 “objective assessment of matter before it” obligation (DSU 11) and DSU 335, 930 opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties DSU 233, 335, 925, 930 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines grammar, respect for AG 19 multiple authentic languages (VCLT 33), meaning which best reconciles texts (VCLT 33(4)) AG 25, DSU 61 text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) AG 19 means “any subsequent practice … which establishes the agreement of the parties regarding its interpretation” (VCLT 31(1)(b)) AG 23 practice of Members, need for discernible pattern DSU 31 scheduling practice AG 25 preparatory work (VCLT 32), AG 4.2 AG 19 same or closely related phrases in same agreement, AG 4.2/AG 5 AG 21–2 specific terms and phrases “any measures of the kind” (AG 4.2 and footnote 1) “have been converted” AG 21 “have been required to be converted” AG 21 “include” (AG 4.2, footnote 1) AG 20 “minimum import price” (AG 4.2, footnote 1) AG 35 “similar”, as comparative concept AG 37 “similar border measures” (AD 4.2, footnote 1) AG 36–40 “variable import levy” (AD 4.2, footnote 1) AG 33–4 market access (AG 4) “have been required to be converted” (AG 4.2) AG 19 measures required to be converted into ordinary customs duties (AG 4.2 and footnote 1) border measures distorting effect AG 40 ordinary customs duties extinguished AG 40 failure to convert by due date, effect AG 19 interpretation, subsequent practice (VCLT 32(3)(b)) AG 23, DSU 31 measure and result of measure distinguished AG 29 special safeguards (AG 5.1) and AG 21–2 timing of obligation AG 19, 30 object and purpose AG 16 notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)), statement of allegation of error on issues of law/legal interpretations (ABWP 20(2)(d)), legal argument in support of claim distinguished DSU 860 relationships within and between agreements AG 4.2 Guidelines for the Calculation of Tariff Equivalents AG 39 AG 4.2/GATT II:2 GATT 114 AG 4.2/GATT Annex 5 AG 28 AG 4.2/GATT II:1(b) AG 42, DSU 909 AG 4.2/GATT II:2 AG 28 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) implied claims, exclusion DSU 287 “present the problem clearly”, due process considerations DSU 233 Schedules of Concessions (GATT II) ordinary customs duties in excess of those provided for in Schedule (GATT II:1(b)) customs duties based on exogenous factors AG 26 “ordinary customs duties” GATT 97, DSU 61 standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6) classification as issue of law or fact, panel’s classification of measure, relevance DSU 454 “objective assessment of the facts”, evidence, alleged disregard or distortion by panel, discretion in assessment of evidence DSU 454 standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11) “objective assessment of matter before it” ultra petita finding on provision not before it DSU 331, 930 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7) as definition of jurisdiction/legal claims at issue, legal claim included in terms of reference, limitation of jurisdiction to DSU 287 identification of specific measures at issue, amendment of measures following establishment of panel DSU 271–2, 926 Chile — Price Band System (Panel), WT/DS207/R, DSR 2002:VIII consultations (DSU 4), measure at issue (DSU 4.4), measure subsequent to request for consultations, extension of existing measure distinguished DSU 133 consultations (SCM 4.1–4), notification of request for (DSU 4.4), identification of measure at issue, need for DSU 133 implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1) measure terminated in course of proceedings/no longer in existence DSU 497, 499 right of panel or AB not to make suggestions DSU 522 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines, multiple authentic languages (VCLT 33), meaning which best reconciles texts (VCLT 33(4)) DSU 61 means, dictionaries AG 98, DSU 61 publication of findings and reasoned conclusions on all pertinent issues of fact and law, authorities’ obligation (SG 3.1) GATT 533 “publish”/“make publicly available”, equivalence AG 98 reasoned and adequate explanation need for (SG 3 1) “as a result of unforeseen developments” (GATT XIX:1(a)), “demonstration”, need for GATT 533 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX) conditions (SG 2) “as a result of unforeseen developments” (GATT XIX:1(a)) “as a pertinent issue of fact and law” /publication (SG 3.1) GATT 533 “demonstration”, need for GATT 533 duration and review (SG 7), extension of measure (SG 7.1), whether distinct measure DSU 133 Chile — Price Band System (Article 21.3), WT/DS207/13, DSR 2003:III developing countries, implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 21.2) DSU 546 implementation of recommendations and rulings of the DSB (DSU 21) choice of means at Member’s discretion (DSU 21.3) DSU 551 impracticality of immediate compliance/reasonable period of time (DSU 21.3, chapeau) “reasonable period” complexity of implementation process, effect on society and DSU 576 developing country Members and (DSU 21.2) DSU 548 mandate of arbitrator, limitation to determination of reasonable period of time for implementation (DSU 21.3(c)) DSU 551 China, ATC safeguard measures (ATC 6), TMB discussion ATC 18–19, 26 China, Protocol of Accession, Transitional Review Mechanism AG 115 Chinese Taipei, ATC safeguard measures (ATC 6), TMB discussion ATC 20 cinematograph film (GATT IV), GATT practice GATT 314 circumvention of quotas: see Textiles and Clothing Agreement (ATC), circumvention of quotas (ATC 5) CIRR (Commercial Interest Reference Rate), relevance to determination of “material advantage” (Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I)) SCM 448–51, 466 Civil Aircraft, Agreement on Trade in (AIR): see also Aircraft Committee acceptance provisions (AIR 9) WTO 212 amendments (AIR 9.5) WTO 176 elimination of customs duties and other charges on repairs (AIR 2.1.2), interpretative note AIR 1, 6 entry into force (1980)/annexation to WTO Agreement (AIR Preamble) AIR 1–2 product coverage (AIR 1) Annex on Product Coverage AIR 3 interim application AIR 5 updating AIR 4 reports (WTO IV.8) WTO 130, AIR 7 reservations (AIR 9.2.1) WTO 236 review of implementation (AIR 8) AIR 7 signatories (AIR Preamble) AIR 2 claims and arguments: see notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)); request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), legal basis of claim; standing/right to bring claim (DSU 3.7); third party rights Codex Alimentarius Commission, cooperation with, Equivalence Decision (SPS 4) SPS 90–1 coherence in global economic policy-making: see International Monetary Fund (IMF)/WTO relationship (WTO III:5), Declaration on Coherence in Global Economic Policymaking (1994) ATC notification obligations (ATC 2) ATC 10–11 ATC safeguard measures (ATC 6), TMB discussion ATC 51, 68–9, 94–6 “ex-positions” (ATC 2.6) ATC 10–11 COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa) Treaty, Enabling Clause and GATT 33 Commercial Interest Reference Rate (CIRR), relevance to determination of “material advantage” (Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I)) SCM 448–51, 466 Committee on Certain Milk Products, suspension IDA 10 Committee on Specific Commitments establishment GATS 137 terms of reference GATS 137 Committees: see Agriculture Committee; Anti-Dumping Practices Committee; Balance of Payments Restrictions, Committee on; Budget, Finance and Administration Committee (BFA); Customs Valuation Committee; Financial Services, Committee on Trade in; Government Procurement Committee; Import Licensing Committee; information technology products, Committee of Participants on the Expansion of Trade in Information Technology Products; Market Access Committee; Rules of Origin Committee; Rules of Origin, Technical Committee (RO 4); Safeguards Committee; SCM Committee; SPS Committee; Technical Barriers to Trade Committee; Trade and Environment, Committee on; TRIMs Committee compensation for non-compliance with covered agreement or DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22): see suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22) compensation philosophy (Secretariat staff) WTO 145 competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2): see also standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6); standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6); standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11); terms of reference of panels (DSU 7) “clarification of existing provisions” DSU 21–2 competence of domestic courts, need to avoid trespassing on GATT 384 competence of panel and AB compared AD 640–1, DSU 343, 451 jurisdictional issues, panel’s obligation to determine DSU 863 not to add to or diminish rights and obligations (DSU 3.2/19.2) SPS 215, DSU 27, 83–4, 531 preservation of rights and obligations of Members under covered agreements GATT 384 right to develop own legal reasoning including arguments not adduced by parties (jura novit curia) DSU 287 competition policy: see trade and competition policy, interaction between (Doha Declaration, paras. 23–5) compliance with covered agreement obligations, obligation breach by other Members, relevance AD 272, 359 as preferred solution (DSU 22.1) DSU 791 procedural obligations AD 220 composition of delegation (appellate review) legal representation/private counsel DSU 1022–5 Member’s right to determine DSU 845 composition of delegation (panel) legal representation/private counsel DSU 971–3 Member’s right to determine DSU 492, 821, 971–3 “other advisers” DSU 492 preliminary ruling on DSU 971–3 confidentiality of information (SG 3.2) AG 108–9 non-confidential summaries (SG 3 2) AG 109 panel’s right to seek information or technical advice (DSU 13/SPS 11.2), relevance AG 111–13 reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG 3.1) and AG 110 confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3): see also confidentiality of information (SG 3.2); consultations (DSU 4), confidentiality; evidentiary rules (investigation of dumping) (AD 6), confidential information (AD 6.5); WTO documents adverse inferences from party’s refusal to provide information, panel’s right to draw (DSU 13) and AG 113, DSU 365 anonymity of individual AB members DSU 477 arbitration (DSU 25.3), acceptance of information or technical advice (DSU 13) and DSU 424, 795 business confidential information (DSU 18.2) additional procedures, need for ABWP 16.1 DSU 847 Article 22.6 arbitration DSU 488 panel’s adoption of own procedures DSU 490 Business Confidential Information Procedures (Canada — Aircraft Panel) DSU 485, 486 non-confidential summary DSU 796 obligation to return or destroy DSU 486 parallel confidential/non-confidential reports DSU 489 evidence of breach DSU 491 interim review reports DSU 434 non-confidential summary of arbitrator’s report (Article 22.6 proceedings) DSU 896 non-confidential summary of information (DSU 18.2) DSU 395 n. 727, 484, 796, 819 obligation to respect/ensure respect for DSU 487, 491–6, 1024–5 panel’s right to seek information or technical advice (DSU 13/SPS 11.2), relevance AG 111–13, DSU 424, 795 parties, applicability of DSU 14 to DSU 432 Rules of Conduct (RoC VII:1) and DSU 841 “submissions” and statements of own position distinguished DSU 482, 828 third party rights and, joint representation DSU 494–5, 1027–9 time limits for non-disclosure DSU 483 Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) Database WTO 111, GATT 74–7 consultation and dispute settlement (AD 17) GATT XXII and XXIII compared AD 593–4, 607, 652–3 identification of specific measures at issue: see also request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), identification of specific measures at issue, “practice” as measure legal basis for consultation/claim (AD 17.3/AD 17.4) legislation as such: see legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), AD 17.3/AD 17.4 “measure” (AD 17.4), provisional measures AD 615 “matter”, referral to DSB (AD 17.4) identification of measure at issue, need for (DSU 6.2) AD 611 identification as anti-dumping duty, acceptance of price undertaking or provisional measure, need for AD 608, 614 request for establishment of panel, requirements additional to DSU 6.2 AD 620 request for establishment of panel, requirements (AD 17.5) and requirements for referral to DSB (DSU 6.2), consistency with requirements of AD 656 special or additional rule and procedure (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), whether AD 591–2, 607, 662, DSU 7–9 table of disputes AD 664 consultation and dispute settlement (RO 8), table of disputes RO 22 consultation and dispute settlement (SPS 11), table of disputes SPS 187 obligatory nature ATC 108, DSU 121 provisional application of restraint measures authorized under ATC 10 (ATC 11) and ATC 106, DSU 121 retroactivity (trade measures) (ATC 6.10) and ATC 101 specific and factual information as up to date as possible presentation of information ATC 95–6 TMB review and ATC 45, 51, 94–8 consultations and dispute settlement (VAL 19), table of disputes VAL 24 acceleration (DSU 4.9), Panel’s workload and DSU 142 adequacy of consultations, Panel responsibilities in relation to DSU 119–21, 940 confidentiality (DSU 4.6) disclosure of information obtained in different proceedings DSU 137 disclosure of information obtained in same proceedings DSU 135–6 offers of settlement during consultations and DSU 138 third party participation and DSU 139 developing country Members and (DSU 4.10), extension of periods agreed under DSU 4.7 and 4.8 (DSU 12.10) DSU 413 due process, disclosure obligation DSU 118, 922 establishment of panel, as prerequisite exceptions agreement within 60 day period that consultations have failed to settle dispute (DSU 4.7) DSU 122 TMB review proceedings (ATC 8.10) DSU 146 joinder of third parties having “substantial trade interest” (DSU 4.11) DSU 158, 319 legal status of offers made in course of unsuccessful consultations ATC 43, DSU 138, 1140 measure at issue (DSU 4.4), measure subsequent to request for consultations, extension of existing measure distinguished DSU 133 as unconditional obligation (DSU 4.2) DSU 110 “without prejudice” nature of obligation (DSU 4.6) DSU 110 offers made during consultations and DSU 1140 consultations (DSU 21.5), ad hoc procedural agreement DSU 636 consultations (SCM 4.1–4): see also request for establishment of panel, requirements (SCM 4.4) accelerated nature of proceedings, effect SCM 142–5, 148–9 notification of request for (DSU 4.4) DSU 127 identification of measure at issue, need for DSU 133 object and purpose clarification and development of the facts of the situation/mutually agreed solution (SCM 4.3) SCM 150, 155, DSU 144 withdrawal of measure SCM 181 as special or additional rules and procedures for dispute settlement (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2) SCM 145 “statement of available evidence” (SCM 4.2) SCM 145 all facts distinguished SCM 148 disclosure of arguments distinguished SCM 148 DSU 4.4 distinguished AG 147, SCM 145 evidence of nature as subsidy, need for SCM 145 explicit reference, relevance SCM 146 failure to submit, effect SCM 147 new evidence, right to submit, objective assessment (DSU 11) and SCM 149 ordinary meaning SCM 146 request for establishment of panel (SCM 4.4) distinguished SCM 151–2, DSU 131 time-limits, new evidence and allegations SCM 142–4, DSU 369 consumption of inputs in the production process (SCM, Annex II, footnote 61), difficulty of resolving issues related to SCM 482–4 copyright protection (Berne Convention (1971)): see also TRIPS Agreement, Berne Convention and (TRIPS 9) applicability to WTO members (TRIPS 9) TRIPS 38–9 broadcasting to the public (Berne 11bis) TRIPS 41–52 applicability (Berne 11bis(1)) TRIPS 41–6 limitations and exceptions (TRIPS 13) and TRIPS 59–61 compulsory licence, right to substitute (Berne 11bis2) TRIPS 49 Members’ obligations and right holders exercise of rights distinguished TRIPS 45, 48 nature and scope of protection TRIPS 47 as specific application of Berne 11 rule TRIPS 46 limitations and exceptions (TRIPS 13) and TRIPS 59–61 minor exceptions doctrine TRIPS 51–2, 60–1 legitimate interests TRIPS 111 preparatory work TRIPS 51 copyright protection (WIPO Copyright Treaty (1996)), conflict with TRIPS provisions, avoidance TRIPS 42 costs of marketing exports (AG 9.1(d)) general business costs distinguished AG 77 income tax, whether AG 78 para. 1(b) and Annex A, para. 5 meetings AD 588 role and responsibility in relation to, extension of transition periods (Art. 5.3) TRIMs 11–14 rules of procedure (1995) WTO 63 subsidiary bodies (WTO IV:6): see also Agriculture Committee; Anti-Dumping Practices Committee; Customs Valuation Committee; Import Licensing Committee; Market Access Committee; Notification Obligations and Procedures, Working Group on; Rules of Origin Committee; Safeguards Committee; SCM Committee; SPS Committee; State Trading Enterprises, Working Party on; Technical Barriers to Trade Committee; TRIMs Committee committees as at 31 December 2004 WTO 72 working groups and parties as at 31 December 2004 WTO 71 functions WTO 64 Guidelines and Procedures for the [Doha] Negotiations (Doha Declaration, para. 15) observer status government GATS 140 international organizations GATS 140 subsidiary Council bodies GATS 140 World Health Organization GATS 141 World Tourism Organization GATS 141 rules of procedure (1995) WTO 66, 149, GATS 139 subsidiary bodies: see rules of procedure Special Session: see progressive liberalization negotiations (GATS XIX:3 and Doha Declaration, para. 15), Special Session of the Council for Trade in Services subsidiary bodies: see also Committee on Specific Commitments; European Union, Working Party on Enlargement; Financial Services, Committee on Trade in; Movement of Natural Persons, Negotiating Group on; subsidies (GATS XV); telecommunications, Negotiating Group on Basic Telecommunications; Working Party on Domestic Regulation (WPDR); Working Party on GATS Rules; Working Party on Professional Services committees as at 31 December 2004 WTO 78 annual reports WTO 68 functions WTO 67 observer status TRIPS 152 role and responsibilities in relation to cooperation with WIPO bodies (TRIPs 68) WTO 137 Decision on Implementation-Related Issues and Concerns WTO 127 extension of non-applicability of non-violation complaints (TRIPS 64.3) WTO 43, 67 geographical indications, negotiations on WTO 67 monitoring of operation of Agreement and compliance with obligations WTO 67 rationalization of the burden of notifications to WIPO and WTO WTO 67 rules of procedure (1995) WTO 66, TRIPS 151 establishment WTO 127 wines and spirits, geographical indications, responsibility for negotiations WTO 127, TRIPS 86 subsidiary bodies WTO 77 countermeasures in case of failure to comply with panel or AB report within specified time-period (SCM 4.10): see also suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22) “appropriate” SCM 174, 176–80, DSU 772–3 adverse trade effects as measure SCM 184–6 arbitration (DSU 22.6) and (SCM 4.11) SCM 191, DSU 746, 767 footnote 9 and SCM 179–80, 183, DSU 774–5 footnote 10 and SCM 183 nullification or impairment distinguished SCM 174 n. 241, 177, 181–7, 197, DSU 727, 767: see also nullification or impairment (DSU 3.8); suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22) products not in competition, inclusion SCM 187 arbitration (DSU 22.6) and (SCM 4.11), as special or additional rules and procedures SCM 192–3, 197, DSU 727, 763, 764, 766–7 obligation of other party to present evidence SCM 195 “countermeasure” SCM 174–5, DSU 770–6 inducement of compliance as objective SCM 174, DSU 648, 770, 772 proportionality, need for SCM 179–80, 183, 197, DSU 773–5 countermeasures in case of failure to take measures to remove adverse effects of or withdraw subsidy (SCM 7.9), “commensurate with the degree and nature of the adverse effects”, SCM 4.10 and 4.11 distinguished SCM 184, 221 countervailing duties (SCM, Part V) balance between rights and obligations relating to, need for SCM 499 compliance with GATT VI:3 and SCM Agreement (SCM 10) GATT 316–21, SCM 49, 235–41, 413–14 measures to which GATT VI not applicable SCM 297 continuing collection of duties imposed prior to entry into force of WTO Agreement, SCM 32.3 and SCM 403 “countervailing duty” (SCM 10, footnote 36) “any subsidy bestowed directly or indirectly” SCM 236 “offsetting” requirement SCM 235–6 imposition and collection (SCM 19) expedited review, right to (SCM 19.3). SCM 283–5 nexus, need for (SCM 19.4), ordinary meaning SCM 286 preconditions (SCM 19.1), standard of proof (SCM 22.1) SCM 321 public notice and explanation of determinations (SCM 22), standard of proof (SCM 22.1) SCM 321 as remedy to offset benefits of subsidies SCM 499 review of need for continued imposition (SCM 21.2) SCM 297–302 in absence of request SCM 299 administrative review SCM 298 burden/standard of proof SCM 301–2 conversion of measures to: see market access (AG 4), measures required to be converted into ordinary customs duties (AG 4.2 and footnote 1) “ordinary customs duties” (GATT II(1)(b)/AG 4.2) GATT 97, 114, AG 25–8, DSU 61 customs unions (GATT XXIV:5(a)): see also regional trade agreements (GATT XXIV:5) chapeau, relationship with GATT 687–9, 691 as defence or exception GATT 687–9 burden of proof GATT 713 on formation of customs union, limitation to GATT 687–9, 691 extension of WTO right prior to formation to other constituent members GATT 710 “would be prevented unless” requirement GATT 709, AG 62–3 requirements GATT 719 definition (GATT XXIV:8(a)) internal trade arrangements (GATT XXIV:8(a)(i)) GATT 708–10, AG 62–3 GATT practice GATT 711 jurisdiction (panel) to determine compatibility with GATT XXIV requirements GATT 717 trade with third countries (“substantially the same”) (GATT XXIV:8(a)(ii)) GATT 712–13 GATT practice GATT 714 GATT 1994 Understanding on Article XXIV, “general incidence” of duties and GATT 692 GATT practice GATT 683, 686, 690, 697 legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4) DSU 171, 1042 as proper party in dispute settlement proceedings DSU 1042 “regulations of commerce”, GATT 1994 Understanding on Article XXIV GATT 693 safeguard measures (SG 2.1, footnote 1) GATT 722–3 ordinary meaning AG 62 right to exclude members of customs union from AG 65 Customs Valuation Agreement (VAL) additions to price actually paid or payable (VAL 8), work “undertaken” elsewhere than in country of importation (VAL 8.1(b)(iv)) VAL 10 applicable law/tariff, tariff in force on day of importation VAL 12 carrier media bearing software for data processing equipment (VAL 1) VAL 3 confidentiality of information (VAL 10) Decision on Implementation-Related Issues and Concerns (para. 8) and, VAL 28 delay in final determination of customs value (VAL 13), changes to tariff after importation, relevance to VAL 12 developing country Members, delayed application and reservations continuity between WTO and GATT 1947 WTO 205 Decision on Implementation-Related Issues and Concerns (para. 8) implementation proposals VAL 1 interest charges (VAL 8.1) VAL 9 national legislation (VAL 22) Checklist of Issues VAL 34 notification procedures VAL 33 reservations (VAL 21) VAL 32 special and differential treatment (VAL 20/VAL, Annex III), continued application of 1979 Agreement: see special and differential treatment (VAL 20/VAL, Annex III) Technical Customs Valuation Committee (VAL 18.2 and VAL, Annex II), GATT practice VAL 36 truth or accuracy of customs declaration, rights of customs administrations to satisfy themselves on (VAL 17), decision relating to (1995) VAL 16 adoption of practice of Tokyo Round Committee on Information on Technical Assistance VAL 26 adoption of Tokyo Round Committee decisions VAL 2 carrier media bearing software for data processing equipment (VAL 1) VAL 3 Checklist of Issues VAL 34 interpretation of term “development” (VAL 8.1(b)(iv)) VAL 11 interpretation of term “undertaken” (VAL 8.1(b)(iv)) VAL 10 notification procedures VAL 33 rectification of French text, Note to Articles 2 and 3, para. 1 VAL 4 reservations VAL 32 treatment of interest charges (VAL 8 1) VAL 9 annual reports VAL 22 decisions relating to VAL 17 (customs administrations’ rights to satisfy themselves on truth or accuracy of customs declarations) VAL 16 Decision on Implementation-Related Issues and Concerns (para. 8.3), VAL 17–18 VAL, Annex III, para. 2 VAL 38 establishment WTO 72 PSI Agreement, monitoring of VAL 23 rules of procedure (1995) WTO 73, VAL 21 technical assistance work programme (VAL 20.3) VAL 30
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