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SUBJECT INDEX K |
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The texts reproduced here do not have the legal standing of the original documents which are entrusted and kept at the WTO Secretariat in Geneva. |
Korea — Alcoholic Beverages (AB), WT/DS75/AB/R, WT/DS84/AB/R, DSR 1999:I directly competitive or substitutable products (GATT III:2) criteria, potential to compete as determining factor GATT 149 as dynamic relationship (including possibility of latent demand) GATT 117, 199–205, 246 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines, object and purpose GATT 198 means, same or closely related phrases in different agreements, GATT III/SCM 15, footnote 46 SCM 270 “like product” (GATT III:2 and III:4) determination of “likeness”, on case by case basis SCM 270 directly competitive or substitutable products distinguished GATT 149, 211, 213 relevant factors cross-price elasticity GATT 195–6, 207 end-uses GATT 207 market place GATT 197 physical properties GATT 207 national treatment, general principle (GATT III:1), “so as to afford protection” GATT 117 national treatment, tax discrimination (GATT III:2) first and second sentences distinguished GATT 149 methodology of comparison, “grouping” approach GATT 207, 209 object and purpose GATT 198 “so as to afford protection”, intention, relevance GATT 226 panel reports, rationale, need for (DSU 12.7), sufficiency DSU 405 standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11) “objective assessment of the facts” evidence, alleged disregard or distortion by panel discretion in assessment of evidence DSU 341 egregious error, need for DSU 352 Korea — Alcoholic Beverages (Panel), WT/DS75/R, WT/DS84/R, DSR 1999:I composition of delegation (appellate review), Member’s right to determine DSU 973, 1025 composition of delegation (panel), legal representation/private counsel DSU 972 confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3), obligation to respect/ensure respect for DSU 1025 consultations (DSU 4) adequacy of consultations, Panel responsibilities in relation to DSU 120, 940 confidentiality (DSU 4.6) disclosure of information obtained in same proceedings DSU 135–6 third party participation and DSU 139 n. 182 directly competitive or substitutable products (GATT III:2) competition and trade law distinguished GATT 121 “directly” GATT 205 due process (dispute settlement proceedings) opportunity to defend oneself DSU 275 opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties DSU 368 evidence (panel procedures) (DSU 12) time limits for submission panel’s right to admit “late” evidence DSU 954 time limit for rebuttal DSU 368 interpretation of covered agreements, means, other treaties, Treaty of Rome (1958) GATT 121 national treatment, general principle (GATT III:1), competition law compared GATT 121 national treatment, tax discrimination (GATT III:2), determination of violation, requirements, burden of proof GATT 193 precedent, ECJ decisions GATT 121 preliminary rulings on confidentiality issues DSU 135–6, 965 specificity of request for panel (DSU 6.2) DSU 942 timing of submission of evidence DSU 954 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) identification of specific measures at issue identification of product, need for DSU 138 specificity, preliminary ruling on DSU 942 specificity sufficient to present the problem clearly DSU 275 third party rights, confidentiality (DSU 4.6) and DSU 139 n. 182 trade and competition policy, interaction between (Doha Declaration, paras. 23–5), market definitions, distinguishability GATT 121 Korea — Alcoholic Beverages (Article 21.3), WT/DS75/16, WT/DS84/14 4 June 1999, DSR 1999:II implementation of recommendations and rulings of the DSB (DSU 21) choice of means at Member’s discretion (DSU 21.3) DSU 549 impracticality of immediate compliance/reasonable period of time (DSU 21.3, chapeau) “reasonable period” entry into force of legislative instrument, relevance DSU 578 shortest period possible within Member’s normal legislative process DSU 558 mandate of arbitrator, limitation to determination of reasonable period of time for implementation (DSU 21.3(c)) DSU 549 Korea — Dairy (AB), WT/DS98/AB/R, DSR 2000:I burden of proof prima facie case, need for evidence other than that submitted by parties, panel’s right to consider DSU 995 explicit finding, relevance DSU 997 SG 4.2 DSU 995 competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2), right to develop own legal reasoning including arguments not adduced by parties (jura novit curia) SPS 229, SCM 177 due process (dispute settlement proceedings), prejudice to party, relevance DSU 219–20 GATT 1947, WTO continuity with, incorporation of GATT 1947 provisions into WTO Agreement GATT 4 interpretation of covered agreements guidelines consistency with article/agreement as a whole DSU 54 effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile) GATT 531 meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase WTO 13, AG 1, DSU 54–5 means, preamble of agreement under consideration AG 1 ordinary meaning GATT 531 notification and consultation (SG 12) “all pertinent information” (SG 12.2) AG 264–6 injury factors (SG 4.2(a)) and AG 264–6, 274 objective test AG 264, 274 object and purpose AG 266 right to request additional information, relevance AG 265 timeliness (SG 12.1, 12.3 and 12.3) AG 267 procedure, international and municipal rules distinguished DSU 338 relationships within and between agreements GATT XIX:1/SG 2 and 4 GATT 531 SG and II.1(a)/WTO II GATT 566 SG 2 and 4/SG 12 AG 274 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) identification of specific measures at issue DSU 98 legal basis of claim arguments distinguished SCM 177 listing of articles without explanation, sufficiency DSU 220, 924 summary, sufficiency DSU 162 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX) application of measures (SG 5), “to the extent necessary” (proportionality) (SG 5.1), “clear justification”, need for AG 219 conditions (SG 2) “as a result of unforeseen developments” (GATT XIX:1(a)) critical date GATT 548 omission from SG 2.1, relevance GATT 531 causation (SG 2.1): see determination of serious injury or threat thereof (SG 4), requirements, causation (SG 4.2(b)) as extraordinary/emergency remedy GATT 522 relationship between Safeguards Agreement and GATT XIX GATT 521, 566, AG 1 rules for application of GATT XIX (SG 1 and 11.1(a)) AG 4 Safeguards Agreement, Preamble, as evidence of object and purpose AG 1 standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6) completion of the legal analysis in case of contentiousness/omission/insufficiency of facts DSU 467–8 limitation to panel’s findings or undisputed facts in panel record DSU 468 standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11) “objective assessment of the facts” evidence, alleged disregard or distortion by panel, obligation to examine and evaluate all the evidence available to it DSU 338 evidence other than that submitted by parties, right to consider DSU 338, 995 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), “matter referred to the DSB”, as identified in DSU 6.2 (DSU 7.1), “claim” DSU 213 WTO Agreement, cumulative nature of obligations AG 1 Korea — Dairy (Panel), WT/DS98/R and Corr.1, DSR 2000:I determination of serious injury or threat thereof (SG 4), requirements causation (SG 4.2(b)) evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature AG 169 factors other than increased imports causing injury, non-attribution requirement AG 169 relevance in absence of serious injury AG 212 evaluation of all relevant factors (SG 4.2(a)) DSU 382 all factors listed in SG 4.2(a) AG 141 price analysis, relevance AG 55 segmented domestic industry and AG 133 investigation of conditions for safeguard measures, requirements (SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c)) evaluation of all factors AD 629 n. 809 obligation of competent authorities to seek information additional to that supplied by interested parties AD 629 n. 809 published report, absence of claim relating to, effect on possibility of SG 4 claims AG 89 notification and consultation (SG 12) “adequate opportunity for prior consultations” (SG 12.3) AG 269 successful outcome as evidence of AG 269 “all pertinent information” (SG 12.2) AG 264 format, non-binding nature AG 263 “immediately” (SG 12.1) AG 245–6 “immediately” (SG 12.1(a)) AG 249 “immediately” (SG 12.1(b)) AG 252 “immediately” (SG 12.1(c)) AG 255–6 “initiation of investigation and reasons for it” (SG 12.1(a)), limitation to AG 262–3 AD 5 and SCM 11 distinguished AG 263 SG 3.1 and 4.2 distinguished AG 263 Technical Cooperation Handbook on Notification Requirements, relevance AG 244 notification formats, non-binding nature AG 263 notification obligations and procedures, Technical Cooperation Handbook on Notification Requirements, relevance AG 244 nullification or impairment (DSU 3.8), adverse impact/prejudice, relevance DSU 98 relationships within and between agreements, SG 2/SG 4 AG 17–18 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), legal basis of claim, listing of articles without explanation, sufficiency DSU 219 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX) application of measures (SG 5), “to the extent necessary” (proportionality) (SG 5.1), adjustment plans, relevance AG 223 conditions (SG 2), causation (SG 2.1), relevant factors (SG 4.2(a))/ “under such conditions” (SG 2.1), equivalence AG 49–50, 55 standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11) “objective assessment of the facts”, de novo review, exclusion DSU 382 reasoned and adequate explanation (SG 3.1), need to confirm DSU 382 relevant factors evaluation of all relevant factors, need for AD 629 n. 809 position of Member at time of determination AD 629 n. 809 standing/right to bring claim (DSU 3.7), legal interest, relevance DSU 160 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), failure of parties to produce evidence or arguments AG 18 Korea — Procurement (Panel), WT/DS163/R, DSR 2000:VIII “central government entities” (GPA: Appendix 1) GPA 27–33 error as to fact or situation, effect on validity of treaty (VCLT 48(1)) GPA 12, 14–16 good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)), treaty interpretation/performance GATT 674–6, GPA 11–13 Government Procurement Agreement (GPA) “central government entities” (GPA: Appendix 1) GPA 27–33 error as to fact or situation, effect on validity of treaty (VCLT 48(1)) GPA 12, 14–16 good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)) and GATT 674–6, GPA 11–13 non-violation claims (GATT XXIII:1(b)) “benefit”/legitimate expectation of improved market access as customary international law and GATT 674, 676, GPA 11 reasonable anticipation and GATT 669 resulting from negotiations GATT 674–6, GPA 10–11 Government Procurement Agreement claims distinguished GATT 674–6, GPA 10 non-violation claims (GPA XXII:2) GPA 9–16 Korea — Various Measures on Beef (AB), WT/DS161/AB/R WT/DS169/AB/R, DSR 2001:I Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS) (AG 1(a)/Annex 3) “constituent data and methodology” (AG 1(a)(ii)) AG 3–5, 127 external reference price, relevant period AG 5 “taking into account” AG 4 “market price support” (Annex 3, para. 8), “eligible” AG 128 “provisions of Annex 3”/”constituent data and methodology” (AG 1(a)(ii)), priority AG 4 total AMS (AG 1(h)), calculation AG 3 n. 6, 11 domestic support (AG 3), limitation to commitment levels specified in Member’s Schedule (AG 3(2)), “subject to provisions of Art. 6” AG 12 General Exceptions (GATT XX) alternative WTO-consistent measure, availability, enforcement of WTO-consistent law and GATT 614, 624 burden of proof GATT 617 General Exceptions (GATT XX), measures necessary to secure compliance with GATT-consistent measure (GATT XX(d)) alternative WTO-consistent measure, availability and GATT 614 consistency with GATT, need for GATT 617 interpretation of covered agreements ordinary meaning, “in accordance with” AG 4 specific terms and phrases “in accordance with”, AG 1(a)(ii) AG 3 “relating to” (GATT XX(g)) GATT 619 market access (AG 4) measures required to be converted into ordinary customs duties (AG 4.2 and footnote 1) elimination of quantitative restrictions (GATT XI) and AG 31 State trading enterprises (GATT XVII) GATT 487 national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4) determination of violation, requirements GATT 229 “less favourable treatment” equality of competitive conditions as test GATT 267 formal differentiation in treatment, relevance GATT 270 relationships within and between agreements, AG 4.2/GATT XI GATT 487 State trading enterprises (GATT XVII), market access (AG 4), measures required to be converted into ordinary customs duties (AG 4.2 and footnote 1) GATT 487 Korea — Various Measures on Beef (Panel), WT/DS161/R WT/DS169/R, DSR 2001:I Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS) (AG 1(a)/Annex 3) “constituent data and methodology” (AG 1(a)(ii)) AG 127 external reference price, relevant period AG 5 economic development, government assistance (GATT VII), quantitative restrictions (GATT XI) and GATT 422 Enabling Clause notifications, special treatment of least-developed country Members GATT 40 Import Licensing Procedures Agreement (LIC), rules and procedures distinguished LIC 5 interpretation of covered agreements, specific terms and phrases, “in accordance with” AG 3 licensing requirement, as quantitative restriction (GATT XI:1) GATT 412 national treatment, general principle (GATT III:1), applicability, measures imposed at the time or point of importation (“internal measures”) (GATT Ad Art. III), State trading enterprises and GATT 126 national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), “less favourable treatment”, equality of competitive conditions as test GATT 243 n. 414 quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI) national treatment (GATT III) and GATT 417 “prohibition or restriction” (GATT XI:1) licensing requirements GATT 412 “restrictions made effective through state-trading organizations” (Ad Articles XI, XI, XIII, XIV and XVIII) GATT 408, 423 relationships within and between agreements GATT /GATT XVII:1(a) GATT 463 GATT II:1(a) and XI/GATT III:4 and XVII GATT 107, 477 GATT III/GATT XVII:1 GATT 463 GATT III:4 and XVII/GATT II:1(a) and XI GATT 422, 481–2 GATT III:4/GATT II:1(a) and GATT XI GATT 286 GATT III:4/GATT XI GATT 417 GATT XI and II:1/GATT III:4 and XVII GATT 108, 112, 293 GATT XVII:1(a)/GATT XVII:1(b) GATT 460–1 GATT III:4 and XVII/GATT XI and II:1 GATT 108, 112, 293 Schedules of Concessions (GATT II) “subject to the terms, conditions or qualifications in the schedule” (GATT II:1(b)), inclusion in schedule, need for GATT 70 treatment no less favourable than that provided in appropriate schedule (GATT II:1(a)), State trading enterprises (GATT XVII) and GATT 477 State trading enterprises, measures affecting imported products (internal measures) and measure affecting importation (border taxes), difficulty of distinguishing GATT 126 State trading enterprises (GATT XVII) obligation to act consistently with GATT general principles of non-discriminatory treatment (GATT XVII:1(a)) GATT 138, 463 GATT XVII:1(b), relationship GATT 460–1 quantitative restrictions (GATT XI:1) GATT 408 treatment no less favourable than that provided in appropriate schedule (GATT II:1(a)) and GATT 477
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