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SUBJECT INDEX K |
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The texts reproduced here do not have the legal standing of the original documents which are entrusted and kept at the WTO Secretariat in Geneva. |
Korea - Dairy (AB), Safeguards Agreement, Preamble, as evidence of object and purpose SG 1 Korea - Alcoholic Beverages (AB) competence (AB), classification as issue of law or fact, credibility and weight of evidence DSU 268, 358 directly competitive or substitutable products (GATT III:2) criteria, potential to compete as determining factor GATT 127 as dynamic relationship (including possibility of latent demand) GATT 95, 177-81, 224 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines, object and purpose GATT 176 "like product" (GATT III:2 and III:4) directly competitive or substitutable products distinguished GATT 127, 189, 191 relevant factors cross-price elasticity GATT 173-4, 185 end-uses GATT 185 market place GATT 175 physical properties GATT 185 national treatment, general principle (GATT III:1), "so as to afford protection" GATT 95 national treatment, tax discrimination (GATT III:2) first and second sentences distinguished GATT 127 methodology of comparison, "grouping" approach GATT 185, 187 object and purpose GATT 176 "so as to afford protection", intention, relevance GATT 204 standard of review (DSU 11), "objective assessment of the facts", evidence, alleged disregard or distortion by panel, egregious error, need for DSU 252 Korea - Alcoholic Beverages (Article 21.3) implementation of recommendations and rulings of the DSB (DSU 21) choice of means at Member's discretion (DSU 21.3) DSU 427 impracticality of immediate compliance/reasonable period of time (DSU 21.3, chapeau), "reasonable period", shortest period possible within Member's normal legislative process DSU 434 mandate of arbitrator, limitation to determination of reasonable period of time for implementation (DSU 21.3(c)) DSU 427 Korea - Alcoholic Beverages (Panel) confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3), obligation to respect/ensure respect for DSU 631 consultations (DSU 4) adequacy of consultations, Panel responsibilities in relation to DSU 90, 611 confidentiality (DSU 4.6) disclosure of information obtained in same proceedings DSU 103 third party participation and DSU 107n.143 directly competitive or substitutable products (GATT III:2), "directly" GATT 183 due process (dispute settlement proceedings) opportunity to defend oneself DSU 210 opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties DSU 258 evidence (panel procedures) (DSU 12), time-limits for submission, panel's right to admit "late" evidence, time limit for rebuttal DSU 258 interpretation of covered agreements, means, other treaties, Treaty of Rome (1958) GATT 99 national treatment, general principle (GATT III:1), competition law compared GATT 99 national treatment, tax discrimination (GATT III:2), determination of violation, requirements, burden of proof GATT 171 precedent, ECJ decisions GATT 99 preliminary rulings confidentiality issues DSU 103, 618 late submission of evidence DSU 616 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) identification of specific measures at issue identification of product, need for DSU 138 specificity, preliminary ruling on DSU 614 specificity sufficient to present the problem clearly DSU 210 Working Procedures (appellate review) (DSU 17.9), composition of delegation, Member's right to determine DSU 623, 631 Korea - Dairy (AB) burden of proof prima facie case, need for evidence other than that submitted by parties, panel's right to consider DSU 281 explicit finding, relevance DSU 283 SG 4.2 DSU 281 competence (AB) (DSU 17.6) completion of legal analysis factual basis contentiousness/omission/insufficiency of facts DSU 370-1 limitation to panel's findings or undisputed facts in panel record DSU 371 competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2), right to develop own legal reasoning including arguments not adduced by parties (jura novit curia) DSU 174 due process (dispute settlement proceedings), prejudice to party, relevance DSU 166-7 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines consistency with article/agreement as a whole DSU 50 effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile) GATT 484 meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase WTO 12, SG 1, DSU 50-1 interpretation of covered agreements, means, preamble of agreement under consideration SG 1 interpretation of covered agreements, ordinary meaning GATT 484 procedure, international and municipal rules distinguished DSU 255 relationships within and between agreements GATT XIX:1/SG 2 and 4 GATT 484 SG and II.1(a)/WTO II GATT 508 SG 2 and 4/SG 12 SG 231 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) identification of specific measures at issue DSU 82 legal basis of claim, arguments distinguished DSU 174 legal basis of claim, summary, sufficiency DSU 127 listing of articles of agreement allegedly breached DSU 167, 597 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), application of measures (SG 5), "to the extent necessary" (proportionality) (SG 5.1), "clear justification", need for SG 175 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), characteristics relationship between Safeguards Agreement and GATT XIX GATT 483, 508, SG 1 rules for application of GATT XIX (SG 1 and 11.1(a)) SG 4 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), conditions (SG 2) causation (SG 2.1): see determination of serious injury or threat thereof (SG 4), requirements, causation (SG 4.2(b)) "such increased quantities", "as a result of unforeseen developments" (GATT XIX:1(a)), omission from SG 2.1, relevance GATT 484 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), notification and consultation (SG 12) "all pertinent information" (SG 12.2) SG 221-3 injury factors (SG 4.2(a)) and SG 221-2, 231 object and purpose SG 223 right to request additional information, relevance SG 222 timeliness (SG 12.1, 12.3 and 12.3) SG 224 standard of review (DSU 11) "objective assessment of the facts" evidence, alleged disregard or distortion by panel, obligation to examine and evaluate evidence DSU 255 evidence other than that submitted by parties, right to consider DSU 281 WTO Agreement, cumulative nature of obligations SG 1 Korea - Dairy (Panel) determination of serious injury or threat thereof (SG 4), requirements causation (SG 4.2(b)) evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature SG 141 factors other than increased imports causing injury, non-attribution requirement SG 141 relevance in absence of serious injury SG 169 evaluation of all relevant factors (SG 4.2(a)) DSU 295 price analysis, relevance SG 42 segmented domestic industry and SG 133 investigation of conditions for safeguard measures, requirements (SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c)) evaluation of all factors AD 504n.608 obligation of competent authorities to seek information additional to that supplied by interested parties AD 504n.608 published report, absence of claim relating to, effect on possibility of SG 4 claims SG 78 notification formats, non-binding nature SG 220 notification obligations and procedures, Technical Cooperation Handbook on Notification Requirements, relevance SG 200 relationships within and between agreements, SG 2/SG 4 SG 14-15 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), legal basis of claim, summary, sufficiency, listing of articles of agreement allegedly breached DSU 166 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), application of measures (SG 5), "to the extent necessary" (proportionality) (SG 5.1), adjustment plans, relevance SG 179 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), conditions (SG 2), causation (SG 2.1), relevant factors (SG 4.2(a))/ "under such conditions" (SG 2.1), equivalence SG 36-7, 42 safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), notification and consultation (SG 12) "adequate opportunity for prior consultations" (SG 12.3) SG 226 successful outcome as evidence of SG 226 "all pertinent information" (SG 12.2) SG 221 format, non-binding nature SG 220 "immediately" (SG 12.1) SG 201-2 "immediately" (SG 12.1(a)) SG 205 "immediately" (SG 12.1(b)) SG 208 "immediately" (SG 12.1(c)) SG 211-12 "initiation of investigation and reasons for it" (SG 12.1(a)), limitation to SG 219-20 AD 5 and SCM 11 distinguished SG 220 SG 3.1 and 4.2 distinguished SG 220 Technical Cooperation Handbook on Notification Requirements, relevance SG 200 standard of review (DSU 11) "objective assessment of the facts", de novo review, exclusion DSU 295 relevant factors evaluation of all relevant factors, need for AD 504n.608, SG 112 position of Member at time of determination AD 504n.608 standing/right to bring claim (DSU 3.7), legal interest, relevance DSU 125 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), failure of parties to produce evidence or arguments SG 15 Korea - Procurement (Panel) "central government entities" (GPA: Appendix 1) GPA 26-32 error as to fact or situation, effect on validity of treaty (VC 48(1)) GPA 13, 15-17 good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VC 26)), treaty negotiations and GATT 604-6, GPA 12-14 Government Procurement Agreement "central government entities" (GPA: Appendix 1) GPA 26-32 error as to fact or situation, effect on validity of treaty (VC 48(1)) GPA 13, 15-17 good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VC 26)) and GATT 604-6, GPA 12-13 non-violation claims (GATT XXIII:1(b)) "benefit"/legitimate expectation of improved market access as customary international law and GATT 604, 606, GPA 12 reasonable anticipation and GATT 599 resulting from negotiations GATT 604-6, GPA 11-12 Government Procurement Agreement claims distinguished GATT 604-6, GPA 11 non-violation claims (GPA XXII:2) GPA 10-17 Korea - Various Measures on Beef (AB) Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS) (AG 1(a)/Annex 3) "constituent data and methodology" (AG 1(a)(ii)) AG 3-5 external reference price, relevant period AG 5 "taking into account" AG 4 "market price support" (Annex 3, para. 8), "eligible" AG 115 "provisions of Annex 3"/"constituent data and methodology" (AG 1(a)(ii)), priority AG 4 total AMS (AG 1(h)), calculation AG 3n.6, 11 domestic support (AG 3), limitation to commitment levels specified in Member's Schedule (AG 3(2)), "subject to provisions of Art. 6" AG 12 General Exceptions (GATT XX) alternative WTO-consistent measure, availability, enforcement of WTO-consistent law and GATT 548 burden of proof GATT 551 measures necessary to secure compliance with GATT-consistent measure (GATT XX(d)) alternative WTO-consistent measure, availability and GATT 548 consistency with GATT, need for GATT 551 "necessary" GATT 551-2 interpretation of covered agreements, ordinary meaning, "in accordance with" AG 4 interpretation of covered agreements, specific terms and phrases "in accordance with", AG 1(a)(ii) AG 3 "relating to" (GATT XX(g)) GATT 552 market access (AG 4) measures required to be converted into ordinary customs duties (AG 4.2 and footnote 1) elimination of quantitative restrictions (GATT XI) and AG 31 State trading enterprises (GATT XVII) GATT 449 national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4) determination of violation, requirements GATT 207 "less favourable treatment" equality of competitive conditions as test GATT 243 formal differentiation in treatment, relevance GATT 246 relationships within and between agreements, AG 4.2/GATT XI GATT 449 State trading enterprises (GATT XVII), market access (AG 4), measures required to be converted into ordinary customs duties (AG 4.2 and footnote 1) GATT 449 Korea - Various Measures on Beef (Panel) Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS) (AG 1(a)/Annex 3), "constituent data and methodology" (AG 1(a)(ii)), external reference price, relevant period AG 5 economic development, government assistance (GATT VII), quantitative restrictions (GATT XI) and GATT 386 Enabling Clause notifications, special treatment of least-developed country Members GATT 43 Import Licensing Procedures Agreement, rules and procedures distinguished LIC 5 interpretation of covered agreements, specific terms and phrases, "in accordance with" AG 3 licensing requirement, as quantitative restriction (GATT XI:1) GATT 376 national treatment, general principle (GATT III:1), applicability, measures imposed at the time or point of importation ("internal measures") (GATT Ad Art. III), State trading enterprises and GATT 104 national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), "less favourable treatment", equality of competitive conditions as test GATT 243n.374 quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI) national treatment (GATT III) and GATT 381 "prohibition or restriction" (GATT XI:1) licensing requirements GATT 376 "restrictions made effective through state-trading organizations" (Ad Articles XI, XI, XIII, XIV and XVIII) GATT 372, 387 relationships within and between agreements GATT /GATT XVII:1(a) GATT 425 GATT II:1(a) and XI/GATT III:4 and XVII GATT 439 GATT III/GATT XVII:1 GATT 425 GATT III:4 and XVII/GATT II:1(a) and XI GATT 386, 443-4 GATT III:4/GATT II:1(a) and GATT XI GATT 262 GATT III:4/GATT XI GATT 381 GATT XI and II:1/GATT III:4 and XVII GATT 86, 90, 269 GATT XVII:1(a)/GATT XVII:1(b) GATT 422-3 GATT III:4 and XVII/GATT XI and II:1 GATT 86, 90, 269 Schedules of Concessions (GATT II), treatment no less favourable than that provided in appropriate schedule (GATT II:1(a)), State trading enterprises (GATT XVII) and GATT 439 State trading enterprises, measures affecting imported products (internal measures) and measure affecting importation (border taxes), difficulty of distinguishing GATT 104 State trading enterprises (GATT XVII) obligation to act consistently with GATT general principles of non-discriminatory treatment (GATT XVII:1(a)) GATT 116, 425 GATT XVII:1(b), relationship GATT 422-3 GATT practice GATT 443-4 quantitative restrictions (GATT XI:1) GATT 372 treatment no less favourable than that provided in appropriate schedule (GATT II:1(a)) and GATT 439
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