Agreement on Agriculture:
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CONTENTS
> Introduction
> Market
access
> Domestic
support
> Export
competition/subsidies
> Other
issues
> Net
food-importing developing countries
> Summary
> Abbreviations
ON
THIS PAGE
> Market
access
> Domestic
support
> Export
subsidies
> Export
prohibitions and restrictions
> Other
aspects
> Sanitary/phytosanitary
measures
|
Key
elements of the Agreement on Agriculture and related
commitments
Market
Access back
to top
| Instrument |
What
it says or deals with |
| Article
4.2 |
Prohibition
on the use of restrictions on imports other than
tariffs; |
| Article
4.1 and Schedules |
All
tariffs bound; |
| Article
5 |
Special
agriculture safeguard mechanism against import
volume surges or import price declines below a
trigger level (limited to "tariffied"
products and not applicable to imports under
related tariff quota commitments); |
| Schedules |
Tariffs
resulting from conversion of non-tariff border
measures under negotiating modalities
("tariffication") plus pre-existing
tariffs on all other agricultural products to be
reduced; |
| Schedules |
Implementation
of current and minimum access opportunity
commitments in respect of tariffied products. |
| |
Developed
Countries |
Developing
Countries |
| Schedules |
Average
tariff reductions of 36% (minimum 15%) over 6
years. |
Average
tariff reductions of 24% (minimum 10%) over 10
years; Where
"ceiling bindings" commitments
undertaken reductions not required except on ad
hoc basis;
Least
developed not required to undertake reduction
commitments.
|
Domestic
support back
to top
| Instrument |
What
it says or deals with |
| Article
6, 7 and Annex 2 |
Policies
divided into two groups; (i) permitted policies
(Green Box), (ii) other policies included in the
Aggregate Measure of Support (AMS) subject to
reduction commitments (Amber Box); |
| Article
6.5 |
Decoupled
direct payments associated with production
limiting programmes (Blue Box) not in Green Box
but excluded from AMS. |
| |
Developed
Countries |
Developing
Countries |
| Article
6.2 |
De
minimis provision allows exclusion of support
less than 5% of output value from AMS; |
Developing
countries allowed to use some types of investment
and input subsidies under certain conditions; |
| Article
6.4(a) and (b) |
Total
AMS support to be reduced by 20% over 6 years. |
De
minimis provision allows exclusion from AMS
of product-specific and non-product specific
support less than 10% of respective current
output value; |
| Schedules |
|
Total
AMS support to be reduced by 13.3% over 10 years; |
| Schedules |
|
Least-developed
countries must bind AMS support level if
applicable but not required to reduce it. |
Export
subsidies back
to top
| Instrument |
What
it says or deals with |
| Article
9 |
Definition
of export subsidies subject to reduction; |
| Article
10 |
Other
export subsidies subject to anti-circumvention
provisions which include disciplines relating to
food aid; |
| Article
3.3 |
Prohibition
on the use of export subsidies on products not
subject to reduction commitments. |
| |
Developed
Countries |
Developing
Countries |
| Schedules |
Distinct
reduction commitments on both volume (21%) and
budgetary outlays (36%) over six years; |
Two-thirds
of the reduction required for developed countries
over ten years; |
| Article
11 |
For
incorporated/processed products budgetary outlays
only (36%). |
|
| Article
9.4 |
|
Exception
during the implementation period in respect of
certain marketing and internal transportation
subsidies. |
Export
prohibitions and restrictions back
to top
| Instrument |
What
it says or deals with |
| Article
12 |
Requirement
for advance notice and obligation to consult on
request and supply information in case of new
export restrictions on foodstuffs. |
| |
Developed
Countries |
Developing
Countries |
| Article
12.2 |
|
Exception
for developing countries that are net-exporters
of the foodstuff concerned. |
Other
aspects back
to top
| Instrument |
What
it says or deals with |
| Article
13 |
Peace
Clause; |
| Article
17 |
WTO
Committee on Agriculture given the task of
overseeing the implementation of the Agreement
and related commitments; |
| Article
16 |
Marrakesh
Ministerial Decision on Measures Concerning
the Possible Negative Effects of the Reform
Programme on Least-Developed and Net
Food-Importing Developing Countries. |
Sanitary
and phytosanitary measures back
to top
| Instrument |
What
it says or deals with |
| Article
14 |
Separate
Agreement: Reaffirms right to countries to set
their own health and safety standards provided
they are justified on scientific grounds and do
not result in arbitrary or unjustified barriers
to trade; encourages use of international
standards; includes certain special and
differential treatment provisions |
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