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In any country, the financial services sector
is typically made up of banks, trust and loan companies, credit unions,
life and health insurance companies, property and casualty insurance
companies, securities traders and exchanges, investment fund companies,
pension funds, finance and leasing companies, insurance agents and
brokers, and a myriad of auxiliary service providers, such as independent
financial advisors, actuaries, and intermediaries.
The General Agreement on Trade in Services
(GATS) Annex on Financial Services defines a ‘financial service’ as
‘any
service of a financial nature offered by a financial service supplier of a
Member’. Financial services include two broad categories of services:
insurance and insurance-related services and banking and other financial
services. These two categories are further broken down into the following:
— Insurance and insurance-related services
Insurance and insurance-related services cover life and non-life
insurance, reinsurance, insurance intermediation such as brokerage and
agency services, and services auxiliary to insurance such as consultancy
and actuarial services.
— Banking and other financial services
This category includes all banking and other financial services, such as
the acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the public,
lending of all types (e.g. consumer credit, mortgage credit, factoring and
financing of commercial transaction), financial leasing, all payment and
money transmission services (e.g. credit, charge and debit cards,
travellers’ cheques and bankers’ drafts), guarantees and commitments,
securities trading, underwriting, money broking, asset management,
settlement and clearing services, provision and transfer of financial
information, and advisory, intermediation and other auxiliary financial
services.
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