Standards and regulations pose a particular challenge for SMEs. Because of limited resources – particularly when compared to larger firms – navigating the constantly evolving regulatory framework in international markets can be tough for SMEs. Smaller firms often lack the necessary resources: i) to seek and analyse information about foreign regulations that may affect their trade; ii) to engage with trading partners with the aim of ensuring that new regulations do not unnecessarily affect their exports; iii) to engage in standard-setting activities domestically or in international contexts to ensure that standards being developed take into account their commercial interests; or iv) SMEs may lack capacity (human and/or financial) to comply with or adapt to regulations. Through a panel discussion, this working session will highlight challenges and discuss possible tools to address them – including a transparency "alert mechanism" being developed at the WTO in cooperation with ITC and UNDESA.