Appendix Table 1
Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade, 1998
(Billion dollars and percentage)

Rank

EXPORTERS

Value (f.o.b.)

Share

Change

Rank

IMPORTERS

Value (c.i.f)

Share

Change

1

United States

683.0

12.7

-1

1

United States

944.6

17.0

5

2

Germany

539.7

10.0

5

2

Germany

466.6

8.4

5

3

Japan

388.0

7.2

-8

3

United Kingdom

316.1

5.7

3

4

France

307.0

5.7

6

4

France

287.2

5.2

7

5

United Kingdom

272.7

5.1

-3

5

Japan

280.5

5.0

-17

6

Italy

240.9

4.5

1

6

Italy

214.0

3.8

3

7

Canada

214.3

4.0

-1

7

Canada

205.0

3.7

2

8

Netherlands

198.2

3.7

2

8

Hong Kong, China

188.7

3.4

-12

9

China

183.8

3.4

1

retained importsa

38.9

0.7

-26

10

Hong Kong, China

174.1

3.2

-7

9

Netherlands

184.1

3.3

4

domestic exports

24.3

0.5

-11

10

Belgium-Luxembourg

158.8

2.9

2

11

Belgium-Luxembourg

171.7

3.2

2

11

China

140.2

2.5

-2

12

Korea, Rep. of

133.2

2.5

-2

12

Spain

132.8

2.4

8

13

Mexico

117.5

2.2

6

13

Mexico

128.9

2.3

14

14

Chinese Taipei

109.9

2.0

-9

14

Chinese Taipei

104.2

1.9

-9

15

Singapore

109.8

2.0

-12

15

Singapore

101.5

1.6

-23

domestic exports

63.3

1.2

-13

retained importsa

54.9

1.8

-31

16

Spain

109.0

2.0

5

16

Korea, Rep. of

93.3

1.7

-35

17

Sweden

84.5

1.6

2

17

Switzerland

80.0

1.4

5

18

Switzerland

78.7

1.5

3

18

Austria

68.3

1.2

5

19

Malaysia

73.3

1.4

-7

19

Sweden

67.6

1.2

3

20

Ireland

63.3

1.2

19

20

Australia

64.7

1.2

-2

21

Austria

61.7

1.1

5

21

Brazil

61.0

1.1

-6

22

Russian Fed.b

56.2

1.0

-16

22

Malaysia

58.5

1.1

-26

23

Australia

55.9

1.0

-11

23

Poland

48.0

0.9

13

24

Thailand

53.6

1.0

-7

24

Turkey

46.4

0.8

-4

25

Brazil

51.0

0.9

-3

25

Denmark

45.8

0.8

3

26

Indonesia

48.8

0.9

-9

26

Russian Fed.b

44.7

0.8

-18

27

Denmark

47.0

0.9

-4

27

Ireland

43.7

0.8

11

28

Finland

42.4

0.8

4

28

India

42.9

0.8

4

29

Norway

39.6

0.7

-18

29

Thailand

41.8

0.8

-33

30

Saudi Arabia

38.8

0.7

-35

30

Norway

36.2

0.7

1

Total of abovec

4748.0

88.3

-1

Total of abovec

4696.0

84.4

-2

Worldc

5375.0

100.0

-2

Worldc

5560.0

100.0

-1

<

aRetained imports are defined as imports less re-exports.
bData exclude trade with the Baltic States and the CIS. Including trade with these States would lift Russian exports and imports to $73.9 billion and $59.5 billion, respectively.
cIncludes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.