Making Trade Work for Women:
Key findings from the 2022 World Trade Congress on Gender

The publication looks at how to help women entrepreneurs reap the benefits from international trade. New research and analysis explores gender inequalities across a range of areas. It also explores how trade policies can be used as a model for future trade negotiations and how tariff liberalization and trade policy reform can tackle gender issues and reduce gender wage gaps.

Published in 2023.

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Table of contents

• Acknowledgements
• Foreword
• Chapter 1: Gender equality, trade and the WTO
• Chapter 2: Facilitating women’s economic empowerment through trade with voluntary sustainability standards
• Chapter 3: Assessing the potential of trade policy reform for closing gender wage gaps
• Chapter 4: Lived experience of women entrepreneurial exporters in a developing country context
• Chapter 5: Women’s exporting success: evidence from Canadian small and medium-sized enterprises
• Chapter 6: Gender and trade: How are gender provisions in trade agreements perceived by Chilean women exporters?
• Chapter 7: Gender equality and women’s empowerment in the African Continental Free Trade Area: What lessons can be learnt from the SADC?
• Chapter 8: Negotiating towards a tailor-made gender protocol under the AfCFTA: Could integrating Africa’s fragmented gender chapters be the key?
• Chapter 9: The role of regional governance on shaping trade and gender nexus policy in the pandemic and recovery: Asia-Pacific practices and perspectives
• Chapter 10: Entrepreneurial responses to COVID-19: gender, digitalization and adaptive capacity
• Chapter 11: Sustainable development and women’s empowerment: the challenges and opportunities of digitalization
• Chapter 12: Gender mainstreaming in trade agreements: “A Potemkin Façade”?
• Chapter 13: Trade negotiation dialogue and capacity building: applying the PXA Framework