ESTUDIOS Y ANÁLISIS: DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO
On the Effects of GATT/WTO Membership on Trade: They are Positive and Large After All
We capitalize on the latest developments in the empirical structural gravity literature to revisit the question of whether and how much does GATT/WTO membership affect international trade. We are the first to capture the non-discriminatory nature of GATT/WTO commitments by measuring the effects of GATT/WTO membership on international trade relative to domestic sales.
These unilateral effects of GATT/WTO membership are found to be large, positive, and statistically significant. We also obtain bilateral GATT/WTO estimates, which are larger than those reported in the literature. In particular, our results imply that, on average, joining GATT and/or WTO has increased trade between members by 171% and trade between member and non-member countries by about 88%. We also find that although both GATT/WTO has been effective in promoting trade between members, the WTO has been more effective in promoting trade with non-members than GATT. A battery of sensitivity experiments confirms the effectiveness of our methods and robustness of our main findings.
N°: ERSD-2019-09
Autores: Mario Larch, José Antonio Monteiro, Roberta Piermartini and Yoto V. Yotov
Fecha de redacción: mayo de 2019
Palabras clave:
GATT/WTO, International Trade, Domestic Sales, Structural Gravity
Código JEL:
F13, F14, F16
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Este es un documento de trabajo y se refiere, por consiguiente, a un estudio en curso. Refleja las opiniones de sus autores. No pretende reflejar la posición o las opiniones de la OMC o de sus Miembros y se entiende sin perjuicio de los derechos y obligaciones de los Miembros en el marco de la OMC. Los errores que puedan existir son responsabilidad de los autores.
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