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| home > trade topics > dispute settlement > appellate body > repertory > index c-d |
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SUBJECT INDEX BY CASE: APPELLATE BODY REPORTS C-D |
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> Canada — Aircraft |
burden of proof B.3.1.8 prima facie case B.3.2.4 panel ruling in favour, need for B.3.2.4 refusal to provide information, relevance B.3.2.4 competence (AB), completion of legal analysis (DSU 17.6), factual basis, limitation to panel’s findings or undisputed facts in panel record S.3.1.4 compliance, confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 17.10/18.2) C.6.2-3 confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 17.10/18.2) applicability to individuals on Members’ delegations (including non-government employees) B.4.3-4, C.6.2 Members’ responsibility for ensuring compliance C.6.2-3 business confidential information additional procedures, need for B.4.2 Procedures Governing Business Confidential Information B.4.2, W.2.6.3-5 closed session meetings B.4.4 “proceedings” C.6.1 Rules of Conduct, Art. VII:1 and, applicability to AB Members B.4.4, C.6.2, W.2.4 evidence (panel procedures) (DSU 12), refusal of party to provide information, effect, burden of proof and B.3.2.4 export subsidy, definition “contingent upon export performance” (AG 1(e)/SCM 3.1(a)) S.2.12.1-2 burden of proof de facto B.3.1.8 de jure B.3.1.8 “contingent” S.2.12.1 “in law or in fact” S.2.12.2 “in fact” S.2.14 “tied to” (SCM 3.1(a), Footnote 4) S.2.12.2A inferences from party’s refusal to provide information, panel’s right to draw I.1.1-2 obligation to respond promptly to panel’s requests for information and (DSU 13.1) I.1.1, S.4.9-10 panel’s discretion and I.1.1 information or technical advice, panel’s right to seek (DSU 13) burden of proof and B.3.2.4 obligation to respond fully and promptly (DSU 13.1) I.1.1, S.4.8, S.4.9 refusal to provide, panel’s right to draw inferences I.1.1-2 prompt and satisfactory resolution of disputes, Members’ right to (DSU 3), effect on I.1.1-2 interpretation of covered agreements, specific terms and phrases, “proceedings” C.6.1 prompt and satisfactory resolution of disputes, Members’ right to (DSU 3), refusal of party to provide information, effect I.1.1-2 Rules of Conduct, applicability to AB Members B.4.4, C.6.2, W.2.4 Working Procedures (appellate review) confidentiality (Rules of Conduct, Art. VII:1) B.4.4, C.6.2, W.2.4 Rules of Conduct, applicability (WP 8) B.4.4, C.6.2, W.2.4 export subsidy, definition “contingent upon export performance” (AG 1(e)/SCM 3.1(a)) S.2.12.3-4 burden of proof export-orientation of recipient, relevance S.2.12.4 knowledge or expectation, sufficiency S.2.12.4 “in law or in fact” S.2.12.3 “measures taken to comply”, measure subject of original dispute distinguished R.4.2.1 review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5) R.4.1.1-2 competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel, determination of consistency of measure with WTO obligations R.4.2.1 “measures taken to comply” R.4.1.1-2 examination on basis of facts proved during panel proceedings R.4.1.2 measure subject of original dispute distinguished R.4.1.1, R.4.1.2 “should ensure” requirement R.4.1.2 as new claim/reassertion of old R.4.2.1 subsidy, definition (SCM 1) conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) S.2.9.1-2 “benefit” S.2.9.2 recipient, need for S.2.9.1 competence (AB) completion of legal analysis (DSU 17.6) C.4.9-10 in case of panel’s failure to examine applicability of covered agreement G.1.1.7 factual basis, contentiousness/omission/insufficiency of facts C.4.9-10 competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2), correct interpretation and application of covered agreements and M.2.2.4 due process (dispute settlement proceedings) judicial economy and J.1.10 panel’s obligation to address issues raised by parties (DSU 7.2/12.7) J.1.9 EC — Bananas III (WT/DS27/AB/R), MFN treatment (GATT I) M.2.1.2-4 export subsidy, definition “contingent upon export performance” (AG 1(e)/SCM 3.1(a)) “in law” implied provision S.2.13.1 “tied to” (SCM 3.1(a), Footnote 4) S.2.13.3-4 “in law or in fact”, “in law” S.2.13 GATS, applicability (GATS I) G.1.1.3-7 determination of applicability as preliminary to examination of facts/compliance with substantive obligation G.1.1.3, G.1.1.5-7, M.2.2.3, O.2.4 “measures affecting trade in services” (GATS I:1) “affecting” (GATS I:1) G.1.1.4 wholesale trade service suppliers in their capacity as service suppliers, need to examine G.1.1.5-7, M.2.2.4 “trade in services” (GATS I:2) G.1.1.4 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines absence of provision, relevance S.2.16.1 object and purpose M.2.1.4 same or closely related phrases in different agreements S.2.16.1 judicial economy J.1.9-10 due process and J.1.10 panel’s discretionary power to determine which claims must be examined J.1.10 obligation to address claims not examined J.1.10 MFN treatment (GATS II) M.2.2.3-4 determination of violation, requirements comparison with like services M.2.2.3 measure covered by GATS M.2.2.3 MFN treatment (GATT I) “advantage” (GATT I:1) M.2.1.2-3 de facto discrimination M.2.1.2-3 object and purpose M.2.1.4 panel reports, rationale, need for (DSU 12.7) G.1.1.5-7, M.2.2.4 standard of review (DSU 11), “objective assessment of matter before it”, all facts, need to consider G.1.1.5 subsidies, prohibited (SCM, Part II) “contingent upon the use of domestic over imported products” (SCM 3.1(b)) S.2.15 “in law” S.2.15.1-2 implied provision S.2.15.1 “in law or in fact”, omission, relevance S.2.16 subsidy, definition (SCM 1) financial contribution (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) exemption from or remission of internal taxes upon exportation (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii), Footnote 1) S.2.5 foregoing of revenues otherwise due (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii)), “otherwise due” /basis of comparison (“but for” test) S.2.4.3 tax exemption, as circumvention of export subsidy commitments S.2.5 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7) obligations to address relevant provisions in covered agreement[s] cited by parties (DSU 7.2) J.1.9 to make such findings as will assist the DSB (DSU 1) J.1.9 “government” (AG 9.1(a)) A.1.16 “government agency” (AG 9.1(a)) A.1.16 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile) I.3.7.4 meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase I.3.7.4 ordinary meaning T.1.1.3 interpretation of covered agreements, means dictionaries A.1.16.1, A.1.17.1 supplementary means (VC 32) I.3.10.8 in case of ambiguity I.3.10.8 payments on export of agricultural product financed by virtue of governmental action (AG 9.1(c)) A.1.17 “by virtue of” A.1.26.1-2 governmental action as a whole A.1.26.1-2 regulatory framework, relevance A.1.26.2 “financed” / “a charge”, relevance A.1.17 payment-in-kind (AG 9.1(a)) A.1.15.1, A.1.17 Schedules of Concessions (GATT II) T.1.1.3 “subject to” (GATT II:1(b)) T.1.1.3 “terms, conditions or qualifications … in Schedule” T.1.1.3 subsidy, definition (SCM 1) commonality of terminology in Agreement on Agriculture A.1.3.1 conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) A.1.3.1 financial contribution (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) A.1.3.1 foregoing of revenues otherwise due (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii)) A.1.3.1 transfer of economic resources from grantor to recipient for less than full consideration A.1.3.1, A.1.15.1 Agreement on Agriculture (AG) interpretation, means, context, SCM Agreement A.1.20.7 SCM Agreement and, primacy of AG (SCM 3.1), AG 13(c)(ii) and A.1.38.1 burden of proof reversal in respect of circumvention of export subsidy commitments (AG 10.3) A.1.34.1, B.3.4 budgetary outlay and quantity commitments distinguished B.3.4.2 competence (AB) completion of legal analysis (DSU 17.6) C.4.15-16 burden of proof and C.4.15 in case of disagreement with panel C.4.15 upholding, modification or reversal of legal findings and conclusions (DSU 17.13), inability to rule, effect C.4.16 completion of legal analysis by AB and C.4.15 completion of legal analysis (DSU 17.6), factual basis, contentiousness/omission/insufficiency of facts C.4.15-16 cost of production (AG), measurement average actual cost including fixed and variable costs A.1.20.8-9 of products for both domestic and export markets A.1.20.9 marginal cost A.1.20.8 profits as A.1.20.8 domestic support commitments (AG 6) domestic support, right to provide (AG 3) A.1.20.2 domestic support/export subsidy regimes, need to maintain distinction (AG 3) A.1.20.0, A.1.36.1 cost of production test and A.1.20.0, A.1.36.1 spill-over effect of permitted domestic support A.1.20.3-5, A.1.36.1 export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10.1) “export subsidies not listed in Article 9.1” mutual exclusion A.1.31.2 residual nature A.1.31 export subsidy, definition Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I) export credit guarantee or insurance (item (j)) S.2.39 export credits at rates below actual cost of funds so employed (item (k)) A.1.20.7 failure to cover long-term operating costs and losses (item (k)) A.1.20.7 export subsidy, prohibition (AG 3.3) A.1.20.2 in excess of budgetary outlay and quantity commitment level A.1.20.2 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines, absence of provision, relevance A.1.18.3, A.1.18.4 payments on export of agricultural product financed by virtue of governmental action (AG 9.1(c)) A.1.24.1 actual average cost including fixed and variable costs A.1.20.9 benchmark/standard (AG 9.1(c)) absence of express provision, relevance A.1.18.3, A.1.18.4 domestic market (AG 9.1(b) and (e)) A.1.18.3 domestic price fixed by government A.1.18.5, A.1.20.4 factual and regulatory setting, relevance A.1.18.4 market rate, relevance A.1.18.5 objective standard, need for A.1.18.2 world market price A.1.19 “by virtue of” A.1.24.1 nexus, need for A.1.27.2 regulatory framework, relevance A.1.18.4, A.1.27.2 cost of production, failure to recoup as A.1.20.0, A.1.36.1 SCM Illustrative List of Export Subsidies, items (j) and (k) and A.1.20.7, S.2.39 “financed” A.1.24.1, A.1.27.1-3 “whether or not a charge on the public account” A.1.27.1 foregone income as A.1.18.1 government mandate or direction, relevance A.1.27.3, S.2.8.1 AG 9.1(e), SCM 1.1 and SCM Illustrative List of Export Subsidies distinguished S.2.8.1 “governmental action” A.1.24.1 subsidies, prohibited (SCM, Part II) “except as provided in the Agreement on Agriculture” (SCM 3.1(a)) S.2.11 Agreement on Agriculture as primary test S.2.11.1 subsidy, definition (SCM 1) financial contribution (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) payments to a funding mechanism (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iv)) S.2.8 private party payments under the Agreement on Agriculture (AG 9.1(c)) distinguished S.2.8.1 burden of proof B.3.1.14 cost of production (AG), measurement A.1.22.4 onus probandi actori incumbit as general principle of evidence A.1.34.2, A.1.34.6, A.1.34.8, B.3.1.14 presumption of consistency of measure with WTO obligations A.1.34.2, B.3.1.14 prima facie case B.3.1.14 reversal in respect of circumvention of export subsidy commitments (AG 10.3) A.1.34.2-8 AG 10.3 as special procedural provision A.1.34.3 budgetary outlay and quantity commitments distinguished A.1.34.4, A.1.34.5-7 “establish” A.1.34.6 claim, as defensive action (AG 10.3) A.1.34.2 cost of production (AG), measurement average actual cost including fixed and variable costs, disproportionate attribution of fixed costs to more remunerative market A.1.27.4-5 burden of proof A.1.22.4 depreciation and A.1.22.4 equity investment A.1.22.4 GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) and A.1.22.4 opportunity costs A.1.22.2 profits as A.1.22.2 quota costs A.1.23 “reasonable” objective methodology A.1.22.4 selling costs A.1.23 domestic support, right to provide (AG 3) domestic support commitments (AG 6), export subsidy disciplines, applicability A.1.28.1 domestic support/export subsidy regimes, need to maintain distinction (AG 3) A.1.28.1 spill-over effect of permitted domestic support A.1.26.5-8 export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10.1), “export subsidies not listed in Article 9.1”, mutual exclusion A.1.33 export subsidy, definition, “direct subsidies, including payments-in-kind” (AG 9.1(a)), payment-in-kind A.1.22 export subsidy, prohibition (AG 3.3), in excess of budgetary outlay and quantity commitment level, quantitative and export subsidization commitments distinguished A.1.34.4-7 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines, effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase A.1.24.1, A.1.27.4 payments on export of agricultural product financed by virtue of governmental action (AG 9.1(c)) A.1.24.2 benchmark/standard (AG 9.1(c)) factual and regulatory setting, relevance A.1.24.2 industry-wide cost of production A.1.21 “by virtue of” A.1.26.3-8 government control, relevance A.1.26.5 motive of government, relevance A.1.28.1 nexus, need for A.1.26.3-4, A.1.27.4 regulatory framework, relevance A.1.26.8 cross-subsidization and A.1.28 “financed” disproportionate attribution of fixed costs to more remunerative market and A.1.27.4-5 “whether or not a charge on the public account” A.1.27.4 “financing” as mechanism or process A.1.27.4 government mandate or direction, relevance A.1.25.3 AG 9.1(e), SCM 1.1 and SCM Illustrative List of Export Subsidies distinguished A.1.25.3 n. 113 “governmental action” A.1.24.2, A.1.25.2 act or omission as A.1.25.2 single or series of acts/omissions A.1.25.2 payments by private parties as A.1.24.2, A.1.25 Member State responsibility and A.1.25.1 State responsibility, funding of export subsidy by private parties A.1.25.1 subsidy, definition (SCM 1), financial contribution (SCM 1.1(a)(1)), payments to a funding mechanism (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iv)), private party payments under the Agreement on Agriculture (AG 9.1(c)) distinguished A.1.25.3 non-retroactivity of treaties (VC 28) P.3.4.3-4 continuing measures P.3.4.3 pre-existing rights, TRIPS T.9.9.0, T.9.12.0, T.9.13 TRIPS existing rights, applicability to (TRIPS 70.2) P.3.4.4, T.9.9.0, T.9.13 acts occurring before date of application of TRIPS (TRIPS 70.1) distinguished P.3.4.4, T.9.11.0, T.9.12 patents, term of protection (TRIPS 33) T.9.7 acquisition (TRIPS 62.2) distinguished T.9.8.1 Working Procedures (appellate review), written responses (WP 28) W.2.12.6 competence (AB) classification as issue of law or fact, determination of “likeness” S.3.3.1 completion of legal analysis (DSU 17.6) C.4.2 factual basis, contentiousness/omission/insufficiency of facts C.4.2 upholding, modification or reversal of legal findings and conclusions (DSU 17.13), panel finding not appealed and P.1.2.1 directly competitive or substitutable products (GATT III:2), criteria, consumer preferences N.1.3.2.3 GATS, applicability (GATS I), GATT 1994, overlap G.2.2.1 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines object and purpose S.2.42.1 text/plain language S.2.42.1 interpretation of covered agreements, means, context S.2.42.1 “like product” (GATT III:2) criteria N.1.3.2.3 determination on case by case basis N.1.3.2.3, S.3.3.1 determination as legal issue S.3.3.1 directly competitive or substitutable products distinguished N.1.3.1.3, N.1.5.2 narrow interpretation, need for S.3.3.1 national treatment, exceptions (GATT III:8), expenditure of revenue by government, limitation to (GATT III:8(b)) S.2.42.1 national treatment, tax discrimination (GATT III:2) determination of violation, requirements inconsistency of measure with GATT III:1 principles (including non-like products) N.1.2.2 “like product” status N.1.2.2 tax of imported product in excess of domestic product N.1.2.2 “directly or indirectly” imported products N.1.2.1 like domestic products N.1.2.1 “not similarly taxed” N.1.7.3-4 threshold/de minimis differential N.1.7.3 subsidies, prohibited (SCM, Part II), national treatment and (GATT III:8(b)) S.2.42 burden of proof, party’s obligation to identify relevant provisions of legislation B.3.1.16, E.3.8 competence (AB) completion of legal analysis (DSU 17.6) in case of agreement with panel finding C.4.21 request for, procedure C.4.21 competence (panels) objections, requirements opportunity to cure procedural defect and R.2.1.10 timeliness O.1.9-12, R.2.1.8-10 DSB meetings to examine request, relevance O.1.12, R.2.1.9 conditional appeal, request for, procedure C.5.3, W.2.7A.1 due process (dispute settlement proceedings), opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties D.2.2.19 interpretation of covered agreements, specific terms and phrases, “discriminate” / “non-discriminatory”, discrimination and justifiable differentiation distinguished S.7A.1.2 judicial economy, definition J.1.14 notice of appeal, requirements (AB/WP 20(2)) right to defend interests and S.7.2A.1, W.2.7.5.5 statement of allegations of errors on issues of law/legal interpretations (AB/WP 20(2)(d)), allegation of panel’s failure to make objective assessment (DSU 11), need for specific reference S.7.2A.1 order of analysis assumptions, panel’s right to use, clarity of use, need for O.2.8 failure to follow mandatory order O.2.6 GATT XVII:1(a)/GATT XVII:1(b) O.2.8, S.7A.3.4-7 panel’s right to determine O.2.8 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), compliance, importance of, opportunity to cure defect R.2.1.10 standard of review (DSU 11), “objective assessment of the facts”, evidence, alleged disregard or distortion by panel, party’s obligation to argue relevance of evidence B.3.1.16, E.3.8, S.7.2A.2 State trading enterprises (GATT XVII) “adequate opportunity to compete for participation in such purchases or sales” (GATT XVII:1(b)) S.7A.5.1-3 applicability to STEs of GATT provisions other than GATT XVII S.7A.1.3 prevention of discriminatory behaviour, limitation to S.7A.1.4 “commercial considerations” (GATT XVII:1(b)) S.7A.4.1-4 differential prices for commercial reasons, admissibility (GATT XVII:1, Note Ad) S.7A.2.1 insufficiency of GATT XVII:1 to prevent all obstacles to trade (GATT XVII:3) S.7A.6.1 obligation to comply with GATT principles of non-discriminatory treatment (GATT XVII:1(a)) S.7A.1 as anti-circumvention provision S.7A.1.1 GATT XVII:1(b) and S.7A.3.1-7 order of analysis O.2.8, S.7A.3.4-7 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), “matter referred to the DSB”, as identified in DSU 6.2, measure at issue as S.7.2A.1-2, W.2.7.5.5 Working Procedures (appellate review) determination by Appellate Body (DSU 17.9) W.2.7A.1 Working Procedures (panel) (DSU 12.1 and Appendix 3), panel’s discretion O.1.9 competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2) correct interpretation and application of covered agreements and C.3.2.2 not to add to or diminish rights and obligations (DSU 3.2/19.2) C.3.2.2 national treatment, tax discrimination (GATT III:2) Members’ right to determine basis of taxation subject to compliance with WTO obligations T.3.2 “not similarly taxed” N.1.7.5-6 assessment of differential N.1.7.5-6 panel reports, rationale, need for (DSU 12.7) P.1.1.2 Agreement on Agriculture (AG) interpretation, guidelines conformity with other Articles A.1.14.3 effectiveness principle A.1.10.2, A.1.14.3 wording and grammar, respect for A.1.9.1 interpretation, means, context, surrounding language A.1.14.3 competence (AB) classification as issue of law or fact compliance/consistency with treaty obligations S.3.3.10 Party’s classification of measure, relevance S.3.3.10 competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2), right to develop own legal reasoning including arguments not adduced by parties (jura novit curia) C.2.3 conditional appeal C.5.2 customs duties “ordinary customs duty” (AG 4.2) A.1.10.4, A.1.13.1 as preferred form of border protection A.1.7.1 transparency/predictability, significance A.1.7.1, A.1.13.1 due process (dispute settlement proceedings), amendment of measures during proceedings D.2.2.17, R.2.3.10 interpretation of covered agreements, guidelines conformity with other Articles A.1.14.3 effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase A.1.10.1 grammar, respect for A.1.9.1 multiple authentic languages (VC 33) I.3.11.1 meaning which best reconciles texts (VC 33(4)) I.3.11.1 ordinary meaning A.1.10.1 interpretation of covered agreements, means context, surrounding language A.1.14.3 subsequent practice which establishes parties’ agreement on interpretation (VC 31(3)(b)) I.3.9.3-4 common practice, need for I.3.9.3-4 consistency of practice, need for I.3.9.3 interpretation of covered agreements, phrases “any measures of the kind” (AG 4.2 and Footnote 1) A.1.10 “converted into” A.1.10.3 interpretation of covered agreements, specific terms and phrases “include” (AG 4.2, Footnote 1) A.1.10.2 “minimum import price” (AG 4.2, Footnote 1) A.1.11.1 “ordinary customs duty” (AG 4.2) A.1.10.4, A.1.13.1 “similar border measures” (AD 4.2, Footnote 1) A.1.12.1 “variable import levy” (AD 4.2, Footnote 1) A.1.10.3, A.1.11.1, A.1.13 “which have been required to be” (AG 4.2) A.1.9.1 market access (AG 4) means for improving A.1.7.1 measures requiring conversion into ordinary customs duties (AG 4.2) binding, relevance A.1.13.2 failure to convert by due date, effect A.1.9.1 time limit for conversion A.1.9.1 notice of appeal, requirements (AB/WP 20(2)), statement of allegations of errors on issues of law/legal interpretations (AB/WP 20(2)(d)), legal argument in support of claim distinguished C.1.8, W.2.7.2.2 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2) identification of specific measure at issue R.2.3.9-10 amendment of measure during proceedings D.2.2.17, R.2.3.9-10, T.6.3.5-6 implied claims, exclusion R.2.2.14, T.6.2.17 legal basis of claim R.2.2.13-14 arguments distinguished C.1.8 summary, sufficiency, reference to GATT II R.2.2.13-14, T.6.2.16 standard of review (DSU 11) “objective assessment of matter before it” S.7.2.4 ultra petita finding on provision not before it S.7.2.4 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), as definition of jurisdiction/legal claims at issue, legal claim included in terms of reference, limitation of jurisdiction to C.2.3 third party rights T.8.6, W.2.9.6 AB proceedings (WP 24) W.2.9.6 passive participation in oral hearings W.2.9.6 panel proceedings (DSU 10 and Appendix 3), claims, exclusion T.8.6 claims and arguments, distinction C.1.9 competence (AB), issues of law/legal interpretations (DSU 17.6), issues not raised by parties S.7.2.8 General Exceptions (GATT XX) alternative WTO-consistent measure, availability G.3.6.5-6 as weighing and balancing of series of factors G.3.6.5-6 legislation as such, right to challenge L.1.16 normative instrument L.1.16 municipal law, interpretation, text of legislation, sufficiency M.5.14-15 national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), “less favourable treatment”, detriment, need for N.1.11.10 request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), compliance, importance of, non-compliance, effect R.2.1.13 standard of review (DSU 11) “objective assessment of the facts” evidence, alleged disregard or distortion by panel discretion in assessment of evidence M.5.14 discretion in selection of relevant evidence M.5.14 independence in evaluating S.7.3.26-7 inferences outside party’s reasons for adducing evidence C.2.7 insufficiency of evidence, relevance M.5.13, M.5.15 “objective assessment of matter before it” all arguments, need to consider S.7.2.9 factual and legal aspects, inclusion S.7.2.8 terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), request for establishment of panel as basis R.2.1.13
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