WTO | WTO analytical index: Guide to WTO Law and Practice

see also safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), characteristics; safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), characteristics, relationship between Safeguards Agreement and GATT XIX

GATT XIX:1/SG 11.1 GATT 486, 488-90, SG 8, DSU 52

GATT XX chapeau/GATT XX paras. (a)-(i) exceptions GATT 519

GATT XX(b)/SPS SPS 188, DSU 324

GATT XXIV as a whole GATT 614

GATT as a whole, General Exceptions (GATT XX) and GATT 253

GATT/GATS GATT 279, 287-9, DSU 124

GATT/SCM GATT 279

GATT/TBT DSU 326

GATT/TRIMS TRIMS 33-5, SCM 388-9

SCM 1.1/SCM 14 SCM 78

SCM 1.1/SCM, footnote 59 DSU 327, 332

SCM 1.1(a)(i-iii)/SCM 1.1(a)(iv) SCM 42

SCM 3.1/SCM 3.2 SCM 137

SCM 3.1/SCM 4.7 SCM 110

SCM 3.1/SCM 27.2(b) SCM 317-18

SCM 3.1/SCM 27.4 SCM 111-13, 317-18, DSU 271-2

SCM 3.1(a)/SCM 27.4 DSU 331

SCM 3.1(a)/SCM Illustrative List, item (k) SCM 417

SCM 3.1(b)/TRIMS SCM 389

SCM 3.2/SCM 27.4 SCM 133-6

SCM 4.9 and 10/SCM 7.9 and 10 SCM 178, 181

SCM 11.6/SCM 21.3 SCM 294-5

SCM 11.9/SCM 21.3 SCM 231-8, 296-7

SCM 17.3/SCM 20 SCM 258, 276

SCM 25/SCM 27.4 SCM 313

SCM 27.2(b)/SCM 27.3 SCM 322

SG and II.1(a)/WTO II GATT 508

SG 2 and 4/SG 5 SG 180-1

SG 2 and 4/SG 12 SG 230-1

SG 2/SG 4 SG 14-20

SG 2.1 and 4/SG 6 SG 140

SG 2.1, 4.1(c) and 4.2(b)/SG 2.2, 3.1, 5.1, 8, 11 and 12 SG 61, 66, 74, 168, 182, 192-3, 197-8, 234

SG 2.1/4.2(a) SG 22-5

SG 3.1/SG 4.2(a) SG 172

SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c) SG 172, DSU 222, 245

SG 4.1(b)/SG 4.1(c) SG 97

SPS 2/SPS 5 SPS 23-7, 145

SPS 2.2/SPS 5.1 and 5.2 DSU 311

SPS 5.7, first and second sentences SPS 131

TBT 2 as a whole TBT 23-4

TBT 2.2/TBT 2.4 TBT 5, DSU 327

TRIPS 3/TRIPS 20 TRIPS 18, 81

TRIPS 20/TRIPS 65.5 TRIPS 82, 141

TRIPS 27/TRIPS 70.8 TRIPS 93-4

TRIPS 27.1/TRIPS 30 and 31 TRIPS 93-4

TRIPS 33/TRIPS 70 DSU 333

TRIPS 33/TRIPS 70.2 TRIPS 163

TRIPS 65/TRIPS 70.8 TRIPS 143-4

TRIPS/Berne Convention (1971) TRIPS 38-42, DSU 29

TRIPS/Paris Convention (1976) 1000

TRIPS/WIPO Copyright Convention (1996) 1000

WTO XVI:1/GATT 1994, Art. 1(b) WTO 343

remedies: see countermeasures in case of failure to comply with panel or AB report within specified time-period (SCM 4.10); countervailing duties (SCM, Part V), as remedy to offset benefits of subsidies; developing country Members (AD 15), "constructive remedy"; non-violation claims (GATT XXIII:1(b)), as exceptional remedy; "serious prejudice" (SCM 5(c)), obligation to remove adverse threats or withdraw subsidy (SCM 7.8); "withdrawal of subsidy without delay" (SCM 4.7)

request for establishment of panel, general considerations (DS 6)

multiple panels involving same parties and claims, possibility of DSU 119

termination of panel, right of DSU 119

request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2)

abandoned claim, right to resurrect AD 495, DSU 219

AD requirements (AD 17.5), consistency AD 527

compliance, importance of

opportunity to cure defect DSU 122

scrutiny by DSB DSU 120-1

scrutiny by panel DSU 120-1, 131n.172

consultations, indication as to whether held DSU 130-1

see also consultations (DSU 4), establishment of panel, as prerequisite

DSB's obligation to examine absence DSU 131

panel's obligation to examine absence DSU 130-1

request for Article 21.5 arbitration and DSU 475

fruitfulness of action, determination by Member DSU 124

good faith, disclosure of all relevant information DSU 165

identification of specific measures at issue AD 489, DSU 82, 188-92

amendment of measures before establishment of panel DSU 202

amendment of measures following establishment of panel DSU 203-7, 599

establishment of prima facie case distinguished DSU 178

exclusion of measure included in request for establishment DSU 189

expedited sunset review, need for specific inclusion DSU 135

government action, limitation to DSU 156-9

administrative guidance DSU 157

GATT practice DSU 157

identification of industry, need for DSU 140

identification of product, need for DSU 137-9

independent operational status of each listed measure, need for DSU 152-4

legal basis of claim distinguished AD 489, DSU 186

legal instrument as measure DSU 151

measure actually applied DSU 191

measure not yet taken DSU 212

measures implementing measure specifically referred to, sufficiency DSU 132-3

numbers of measures, sufficiency DSU 134

omission of subject discussed during consultations, relevance DSU 98

"practice" as measure AD 480, DSU 153-5

see also legislation as such, right to challenge, "practice"

specific measure the subject of consultations, need for identity with, whether SCM 152-3, DSU 96-100, 111, 131

specificity, preliminary ruling on DSU 612-14

specificity sufficient to present the problem clearly DSU 209-12, 220

termination of measures before or after conclusion of terms of reference DSU 193

termination of measures before agreement on terms of reference DSU 194-9

continuing relevance DSU 197-8

good faith obligation not to reintroduce DSU 196

termination of measures following agreement on terms of reference DSU 193n.271, 200-1

termination of measures following interim review DSU 193n.271

implied claims, exclusion DSU 221

legal basis of claim

arguments distinguished DSU 171-6, 178, 218, 259, 585

evidence to support claim distinguished DSU 217

rectification at subsequent stages, arguments in written or other submission or statement DSU 171

legal basis of claim, summary, sufficiency DSU 127-8, 162-70

"including but not necessarily limited to" DSU 164

listing of articles of agreement allegedly breached DSU 162-3, 166-7, 597

"legal interest", relevance: see standing/right to bring claim (DSU 3.7), legal interest, relevance

nullification or impairment, indication of (AD 17.5(i)) AD 496-7

suspension of concessions (DSU 22.2), applicability to DSU 483, 504

writing AD 489

request for establishment of panel, requirements (SCM 4.4)

accelerated nature of proceedings, relevance SCM 149

consultations, failure to reach mutually agreed solution SCM 153, DSU 131

statement of available evidence, relevance SCM 149

reservations (WTO XVI:5)

Multilateral Trade Agreements WTO 349-50

Plurilateral Agreements WTO 349-50

retroactivity (provisional measures and anti-dumping duties) (AD 10) AD 399

"after initiating an investigation" (AD 10.7) AD 401

conditions (AD 10.6)

AD 10.7 and AD 400

"sufficiency of evidence" (AD 5.3) and AD 404

definitive duty higher than provisional duty, payment/recalculation (AD 10.3) AD 464

preliminary affirmative determination (AD 7.1(ii)), relevance AD 403

"such measures" (AD 10.7), provisional measures distinguished AD 401

"sufficient evidence" (AD 10.7)

AD 5.3 and AD 241, 402

exporters' knowledge of dumping (AD 10.6), relevance AD 405

"injury caused" (AD 10.6) and AD 406

"massive imports in a relatively short period of time" (AD 10.6), data collection, period for AD 407

retroactivity (SCM 20), exceptions SCM 258, 272-4, 276

retroactivity (trade measures) (ATC 6.10) ATC 95-101

ATC 6.10 measure as measure of general application (GATT X:2) GATT 234, ATC 95, 101, 130

consultations, request for and notification to TMB (ATC 6.11) and ATC 97

MFA provision, relevance ATC 98-9

prior publication, relevance GATT 340

provisional application of restraint measures authorized under ATC 10 (ATC 11) ATC 100

retroactivity of treaties: see non-retroactivity of treaties (VC 28)

retroactivity (TRIPS 70.1) TRIPS 153, DSU 63

review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5) DSU 460-2

burden of proof DSU 463-4

competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel

determination of consistency of measure with WTO obligations DSU 460-2

limitation to claims at time of referral to review panel DSU 462

DSU 6.2 procedures, applicability DSU 475

"measures taken to comply"

examination on basis of facts proved during panel proceedings DSU 461

measure subject of original dispute distinguished DSU 460-2

"should ensure" requirement DSU 463

risk assessment: see SPS Agreement, risk assessment, need for (SPS 5.1-5.3 and Annex A, para. 4)

Rules of Conduct (DSU 2)

adoption DSU 15

periodic review (RoC IX) DSU 17

Working Procedures (appellate review), incorporation into DSU 16

Rules of Origin Agreement

see also Committee on Rules of Origin

"country", definition

absence of agreement RO 4

Drafting Group, work on RO 4

notification in language other than WTO working language RO 6

rules of origin (GPA IV), statistical reporting (GPA XIX:5) and GPA 6

Rules of Origin, Technical Committee (RO 4)

Harmonization of Non-Preferential Rules Work Programme, request to proceed in absence of definition of "country" RO 4

Working Group to consider and make recommendations on Technical Committee interpretations and opinions RO 5

rules of procedure

Balance-of-Payments Restrictions, Committee on (1995) WTO 132, GATT 475

Committee on Agriculture (1976) WTO 176, AG 102

Committee on Anti-Dumping Practices (1996) WTO 176, AD 466-7

Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration (BFA) (1995) WTO 134, 213

Committee on Customs Valuation (1995) WTO 176, VAL 21

Committee on Import Licensing (1995) WTO 176, LIC 34-6

Committee on Market Access (1995) WTO 176, 223

Committee of Participants on the Expansion of Trade in Information Technology Products (1997) GATT 60

Committee on Regional Trade Agreements (1996) WTO 132, 226

Committee on Rules of Origin (1995) WTO 176, RO 2

Committee on Safeguards WTO 176, SG 239

Committee on Safeguards (1996) WTO 176

Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Committee) (1997) WTO 176, SPS 166

Committee on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Committee) (1976) WTO 176, SCM 303

Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade TBT 51

Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade (1995) WTO 176

Committee on Trade and Development (1995) WTO 132, 188

Committee on Trade and Environment WTO 135, 223

Committee on TRIMS (Trade-Related Investment Measures) WTO 176, TRIMS 14

Council for Trade in Goods (1995) WTO 149

Council for Trade in Services WTO 153, GATS 96

Council for Trade in Services (1995) WTO 153

Council for TRIPS WTO 157, TRIPS 149

Council for TRIPS (1995) WTO 157

Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) WTO 140, DSU 11

General Council WTO 130

Independent Entity PSI 3-4

International Dairy Council ID 9

International Meat Council IBM 4

least-developed country Members, Sub-Committee on WTO 193

Ministerial Conference WTO 126

Trade Policy Review Body (TPRB) (1995) WTO 144

rules of procedures, Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) TPRM 6-7